Predicting COVID-19 Severity with a Specific Nucleocapsid Antibody plus Disease Risk Factor Score
| Autor: | Philip L. Felgner, Kristin N. Gabriel, Delia F. Tifrea, Ana Maria Caldaruse, Robert A. Edwards, Rebekah P. Dyer, Brian M Miller, Hariny M. Isoda, Joni L Ricks-Oddie, Gregory A. Weiss, Sudipta Majumdar, Gabriela S. Salcedo, Rie Nakajima, Aarti Jain, Alicia M Santos, Emily C Sanders, Jason E Garrido, Keertna Bhuvan, Sanjana R. Sen |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Pasetti, Marcela F |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microarray Disease medicine.disease_cause Antibodies Viral Severity of Illness Index Epitope law.invention Epitopes 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors law Viral 030212 general & internal medicine Coronavirus screening and diagnosis biology Prognosis Intensive care unit QR1-502 Detection Infectious Diseases Patient Safety phage display Antibody Research Article Biotechnology medicine.medical_specialty coronaviruses Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay macromolecular substances Microbiology Antibodies Article Vaccine Related 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Antigen Biodefense Internal medicine Severity of illness medicine Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins Humans Risk factor Nucleocapsid Molecular Biology SARS-CoV-2 business.industry Prevention COVID-19 Phosphoproteins 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies epitope mapping Emerging Infectious Diseases Good Health and Well Being 030104 developmental biology Epitope mapping biology.protein Cell Surface Display Techniques business prognostic |
| Zdroj: | mSphere, Vol 6, Iss 2 (2021) bioRxiv mSphere, vol 6, iss 2 mSphere |
| ISSN: | 2379-5042 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/mSphere.00203-21 |
| Popis: | The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over two million deaths worldwide. Despite efforts to fight the virus, the disease continues to overwhelm hospitals with severely ill patients. Effective methods for predicting COVID-19 disease trajectories are urgently needed. Here, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and coronavirus antigen microarray (COVAM) analysis mapped antibody epitopes in the plasma of COVID-19 patients (n = 86) experiencing a wide range of disease states. The experiments identified antibodies to a 21-residue epitope from nucleocapsid (termed Ep9) associated with severe disease, including admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), requirement for ventilators, or death. Importantly, anti-Ep9 antibodies can be detected within 6 days post-symptom onset and sometimes within 1 day. Furthermore, anti-Ep9 antibodies correlate with various comorbidities and hallmarks of immune hyperactivity. We introduce a simple-to-calculate, disease risk factor score to quantitate each patient’s comorbidities and age. For patients with anti-Ep9 antibodies, scores above 3.0 predict more severe disease outcomes with a 13.42 likelihood ratio (96.7% specificity). The results lay the groundwork for a new type of COVID-19 prognostic to allow early identification and triage of high-risk patients. Such information could guide more effective therapeutic intervention. IMPORTANCE The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over two million deaths worldwide. Despite efforts to fight the virus, the disease continues to overwhelm hospitals with severely ill patients. Diagnosis of COVID-19 is readily accomplished through a multitude of reliable testing platforms; however, prognostic prediction remains elusive. To this end, we identified a short epitope from the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and also a disease risk factor score based upon comorbidities and age. The presence of antibodies specifically binding to this epitope plus a score cutoff can predict severe COVID-19 outcomes with 96.7% specificity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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