Predicting COVID-19 Severity with a Specific Nucleocapsid Antibody plus Disease Risk Factor Score

Autor: Philip L. Felgner, Kristin N. Gabriel, Delia F. Tifrea, Ana Maria Caldaruse, Robert A. Edwards, Rebekah P. Dyer, Brian M Miller, Hariny M. Isoda, Joni L Ricks-Oddie, Gregory A. Weiss, Sudipta Majumdar, Gabriela S. Salcedo, Rie Nakajima, Aarti Jain, Alicia M Santos, Emily C Sanders, Jason E Garrido, Keertna Bhuvan, Sanjana R. Sen
Přispěvatelé: Pasetti, Marcela F
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Microarray
Disease
medicine.disease_cause
Antibodies
Viral
Severity of Illness Index
Epitope
law.invention
Epitopes
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
law
Viral
030212 general & internal medicine
Coronavirus
screening and diagnosis
biology
Prognosis
Intensive care unit
QR1-502
Detection
Infectious Diseases
Patient Safety
phage display
Antibody
Research Article
Biotechnology
medicine.medical_specialty
coronaviruses
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
macromolecular substances
Microbiology
Antibodies
Article
Vaccine Related
03 medical and health sciences
Immune system
Antigen
Biodefense
Internal medicine
Severity of illness
medicine
Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins
Humans
Risk factor
Nucleocapsid
Molecular Biology
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
Prevention
COVID-19
Phosphoproteins
4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies
epitope mapping
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Good Health and Well Being
030104 developmental biology
Epitope mapping
biology.protein
Cell Surface Display Techniques
business
prognostic
Zdroj: mSphere, Vol 6, Iss 2 (2021)
bioRxiv
mSphere, vol 6, iss 2
mSphere
ISSN: 2379-5042
DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00203-21
Popis: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over two million deaths worldwide. Despite efforts to fight the virus, the disease continues to overwhelm hospitals with severely ill patients.
Effective methods for predicting COVID-19 disease trajectories are urgently needed. Here, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and coronavirus antigen microarray (COVAM) analysis mapped antibody epitopes in the plasma of COVID-19 patients (n = 86) experiencing a wide range of disease states. The experiments identified antibodies to a 21-residue epitope from nucleocapsid (termed Ep9) associated with severe disease, including admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), requirement for ventilators, or death. Importantly, anti-Ep9 antibodies can be detected within 6 days post-symptom onset and sometimes within 1 day. Furthermore, anti-Ep9 antibodies correlate with various comorbidities and hallmarks of immune hyperactivity. We introduce a simple-to-calculate, disease risk factor score to quantitate each patient’s comorbidities and age. For patients with anti-Ep9 antibodies, scores above 3.0 predict more severe disease outcomes with a 13.42 likelihood ratio (96.7% specificity). The results lay the groundwork for a new type of COVID-19 prognostic to allow early identification and triage of high-risk patients. Such information could guide more effective therapeutic intervention. IMPORTANCE The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over two million deaths worldwide. Despite efforts to fight the virus, the disease continues to overwhelm hospitals with severely ill patients. Diagnosis of COVID-19 is readily accomplished through a multitude of reliable testing platforms; however, prognostic prediction remains elusive. To this end, we identified a short epitope from the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and also a disease risk factor score based upon comorbidities and age. The presence of antibodies specifically binding to this epitope plus a score cutoff can predict severe COVID-19 outcomes with 96.7% specificity.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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