Amorphous calcium carbonate particles form coral skeletons
| Autor: | Tali Mass, Anthony J. Giuffre, Matthew Frazier, Chang-Yu Sun, Maayan Neder, Nobumichi Tamura, Camelia V. Stan, Matthew A. Marcus, Pupa U. P. A. Gilbert, Cayla A. Stifler |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Coral Mineralogy ocean acidification Stylophora pistillata engineering.material 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences Calcium Carbonate Calcification 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound PEEM Calcification Physiologic Animals Seawater Physiologic Reef Dissolution Ecosystem geography Minerals Multidisciplinary geography.geographical_feature_category biology Coral Reefs Aragonite fungi technology industry and agriculture Ocean acidification biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Hydrogen-Ion Concentration biology.organism_classification Anthozoa Amorphous calcium carbonate calcification crisis 0104 chemical sciences Amorphous solid vital effects 030104 developmental biology chemistry Chemical engineering PNAS Plus engineering population characteristics mesocrystal Crystallization geographic locations |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol 114, iss 37 Mass, T; Giuffre, AJ; Sun, CY; Stifler, CA; Frazier, MJ; Neder, M; et al.(2017). Amorphous calcium carbonate particles form coral skeletons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(37), E7670-E7678. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1707890114. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/23x6p9f7 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1707890114. |
| Popis: | © 2017, National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Do corals form their skeletons by precipitation from solution or by attachment of amorphous precursor particles as observed in other minerals and biominerals? The classical model assumes precipitation in contrast with observed “vital effects,” that is, deviations from elemental and isotopic compositions at thermodynamic equilibrium. Here, we show direct spectromicroscopy evidence in Stylophora pistillata corals that two amorphous precursors exist, one hydrated and one anhydrous amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC); that these are formed in the tissue as 400-nm particles; and that they attach to the surface of coral skeletons, remain amorphous for hours, and finally, crystallize into aragonite (CaCO3). We show in both coral and synthetic aragonite spherulites that crystal growth by attachment of ACC particles is more than 100 times faster than ion-by-ion growth from solution. Fast growth provides a distinct physiological advantage to corals in the rigors of the reef, a crowded and fiercely competitive ecosystem. Corals are affected by warming-induced bleaching and postmortem dissolution, but the finding here that ACC particles are formed inside tissue may make coral skeleton formation less susceptible to ocean acidification than previously assumed. If this is how other corals form their skeletons, perhaps this is how a few corals survived past CO2increases, such as the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum that occurred 56 Mya. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|