Summary The present study investigated 23 SNPs in the 5′URR promoter region and the 14 bp ins/del polymorphism at the 3′UTR region of the HLA-G gene in 150 individuals with Afro-Brazilian ancestry. Three haplotypes were found to be the most frequent. Comparing these polymorphisms in other samples, our data suggest that Afro-Brazilians are more similar to the Euro-Brazilians than to Hutterite population.