| Abstrakt: |
In July, 1948, U.S. president Harry S. Truman signed Executive Order 9981, which required equal treatment and opportunity for black servicemen. The order was a turning point in the history of integration of the U.S. armed services. Although the proximate causes of the president’s action may have been political pressure and a need for black votes, the remote causes were threefold: the formation of an all-black fighter squadron known later as the Tuskegee Airmen (1941), the mutiny at Freeman Army Air Field (1945), and the command and leadership of Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. |
