[en] EVALUATION OF TOXICITY USING THE RESPIROMETRIC METHOD ON ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESSES

Autor: VICTOR SURERUS LEAL COSTA
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2010
Předmět:
Druh dokumentu: TEXTO
DOI: 10.17771/PUCRio.acad.15510
Popis: [pt] Para a avaliação da toxicidade aguda através do método respirométrico, foram empregados quatro compostos intoxicantes: Cu2+, fenol, surfactante e antibiótico, em distintas concentrações, os quais foram mantidos em contato durante 15 minutos com quatro tipos de lodo ativado: um oriundo de uma indústria farmacêutica, dois provenientes de indústria alimentícia e o outro aclimatado com efluente produzido sinteticamente. O reator biológico experimental foi montado e operado de modo contínuo para simular as condições encontradas nas indústrias. Os testes consistiram da medição da taxa de consumo de oxigênio pelos micro-organismos durante 5 minutos. Os valores obtidos pelos ensaios eram comparados de modo a entender o comportamento dos microorganismos entre os contaminantes e os diferentes lodos ativados utilizados. O lodo da indústria farmacêutica, por conter diversos compostos tóxicos, possui uma maior adaptabilidade dos micro-organismos, apresentando maior resistência aos compostos tóxicos introduzidos no teste; já o lodo ativado de uma indústria alimentícia, por conter concentrações significativas de óleos e graxas, sugere que haja bloqueio das células, apresentando comportamento similar ao da indústria farmacêutica, indicando que compostos tóxicos e óleos e graxas atuam da mesma forma na respiração do lodo ativado. O método respirométrico é eficaz para a determinação de toxicidade em processos de lodos ativados; foi verificado, também, que quando há descarga de compostos tóxicos e/ou óleos e graxas nas ETEs, os micro-organismos tornam-se mais resistentes, dificultando a detecção da presença do elemento intoxicante.
[en] The main aim of this work was to investigate the behaviour of industrial wastewater activated sludges exposed to sudden contamination by copper ions, phenol, surfactant and amoxicillin, in various concentrations, in order to attempt to obtain a better understanding of the respiration changes of the sludge. Four sets of assays were carried out with samples of sludge from: pharmaceutical industry; two types of food industries; an, a synthetic effluent fed with microorganisms. The contact period between the wastewater and microorganisms was about 15 minutes and the respiration time was 5 minutes. The experiments were conducted and operated continuously in order to simulate real conditions found in industry. All the samples were taken for respiration rate measuring. The values obtained from the assays were used to study the microorganisms behavior by comparing intoxicating compounds and all types of activated sludge tested. The sludge from the pharmaceutical industry has higher adaptability to sudden contact with toxic compounds, as the microorganisms in this type of sludge have normally acquired resistance to many toxic compounds that are commonly present in this type of effluent. However, the activated sludge from food industry, that has high concentrations of oil and grease, presented a similar respiration behavior in comparison to pharmaceutical industry sludge, leading to the conclusion that the oil and grease promote cell blockage, preventing contact between food and microorganisms, and causing respiration interferences. The respirometric method was significantly tested and the result is that this technique promotes efficient determination of activated sludge even under adapted activated sludge to toxic compounds, by which measure become slightly rugged.
Databáze: Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations
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