| Popis: |
Obesity and adiposity continue to be a concern in the United States and other western developed nations. It effects different populations with inequity, attributing to comorbidities and decreasing quality of life. Despite many different weight management techniques, bariatric surgery has become an effective treatment inducing long term sustained weight loss. These procedures historically have induced weight loss through direct anatomical and physiological changes. More recently, bariatric surgery has been considered an endocrinologically active procedure inducing weight loss through hormonal controls. The two main procedures performed today are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy. Comparing these procedures, RYGB induces greater increases in incretin production than sleeve gastrectomy. Numerous conflicting studies show variable ghrelin changes between pre- and post-procedure conditions for both RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy. These hormonal changes all function within a complex homeostatic energy system associated with adipose tissue, gastrointestinal hormones, and the central nervous system. The lack of understanding surrounding the hormonal controls following bariatric surgery provide areas for future study, important to refining surgical techniques. |
