Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Wastewater of Two Municipal Wastewater Plants and One Experimental Farm in Taipei City
| Autor: | Shih-Ya Huang, 黃詩雅 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 107 Background Microbial resistance to antibiotics has become one of the most important global public health concerns in recent years. Existing studies have explored the pathogens in the living environment of healthy human and animal hosts. Such resistance to medicines, and transmission of resistance in the environment, transcends regional or state borders. It is expected that the transmission of drug resistance will be slowed down by better antibiotic use and recognizing the overall geographical resistance transmission pathway. In this study, two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Taipei City and a livestock farm of National Taiwan University (NTU) were selected as sampling sites. According to the wastewater treatment process, ten sampling points were selected. Escherichia coli resistance prevalence and resistant phenotypes among these sampling points were identified. The purpose is to understand the characteristics of E. coli resistance in the waters of urban wastewater treatment facilities and livestock farms and to discuss its potential public health hazards, as a reference for future health policy. Material and Methods The sampling was carried out on March 11th and 25th, 2019. Samples were immediately sent to the laboratory of Center for Infection Control of Taiwan University Hospital for refrigeration. The enumeration and smear culture were carried out on the same day. Two samples of wastewater were taken at each sampling point, which totaled 12 grab samples for the two sewage plants and 8 grab samples for the livestock farm. The bacteria strains were identified by chromIDTM Coli media discriminating medium, Indole reaction assay confirmation, disk diffusion screening, and VITEKTM 2 Compact System. Results The results show that in the inflow water at the sewage treatment plant in Taipei City, which receiving households and business water, E. coli show resistance to the first-line treatment of antibiotics, such as ampicillin-sulbactam, narrow-acting cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefuroxime) and folate synthesis inhibitior trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, in addition to broad-acting antibiotic for post-line treatment, such as the broad-spectrum cephalosporin and cephamycin (ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefmetazole, flomoxef, etc.) and quinolone (levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin). The presence of multi-drug resistant strains was also discovered, while no strains revealed resistance to last-line broad-spectrum antibiotic such as carbapenem (ertapenem and imipenem). The ESBL resistant phenotype also accounted for 62.2% (Dihua Plant) and 72.7% (Neihu Factory). The results in the livestock farm showed that the livestock farm strains were mainly resistant to first-line antibiotics such as ampicillin-sulbactam, cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, etc., except that the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was much lower than that of the sewage plants. Resistance to cephamycin, β-lactam combined β-lactamase inhibitors, quinolones, carbapenem and other broad-spectrum antibiotics were not detected; wild-type strains accounted for 62% to 78%, and the drug resistance phenotype was mainly acquired penicillinase and high-level cephalosporinase (AmpC) with an ESBL phenotype. |
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