The Relationship among Depression, Demoralization and Psychological Well-being of the Elders: Psychological Flexibility as a Moderator
| Autor: | LIN, JIA-MIN, 林家民 |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 106 Background / Objectives: The depression and psychological well-being of elders are gradually focused. However, their demoralization is less likely to be discussed. Also, the viewpoints of mental illness and mental health are seldom being used simultaneously on the elders. The aim of the study is to investigate the status of depression, demoralization, psychological well-being and psychological flexibility on elders in psychosomatic department, orthopedic department, general communities, and to understand how the psychological flexibility moderates the relationship among the depression, demoralization and psychological well-being of elders. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire survey with purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Participants were elders who received medical treatments in the psychosomatic department or orthopedic department, or lived in the general communities nearby the hospital. 301 effective samples were collected. Demographic characteristics, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Demoralization Scale - Mandarin Version(DS-MV), Scales of Psychological Well Being(SPWB), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Revised (AAQ-R) were used in this study. Data were analyzed in descriptive statistics, T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and moderated regression analysis with SPSS statistical software package 19.0. Results: 1. Using a cut-off point of greater than or equal to 10 on the PHQ-9 score yielded an overall major depression disorder rate in this study population of 9%. The significant differences of depression degree were found from elders’ distinct groups, self-rating physical health status, self-rating mental health status, self-rating financial status. 2. Using a cut-off point of greater than or equal to 30 on the DS-MV score yielded an overall demoralization syndrome rate in this study population of 39.2%. The significant differences of demoralization degree were found from elders’ distinct groups, religion, self-rating physical health status, self-rating mental health status, self-rating financial status. 3. The significant differences of psychological well-being degree were found from elders’ distinct groups, religion, self-rating physical health status, self-rating mental health status, self-rating financial status. Varied demographic characteristics showed significant differences on specific psychological well-being dimensions. 4. The significant differences of psychological flexibility degree were found from elders’ distinct groups, self-rating physical health status, self-rating mental health status, self-rating financial status. The score of “action” is higher than “willingness”. 5. While using depression, demoralization, psychological well-being simultaneously to view the mental health status of elders, 8.97% elders were found to combine high depression and high demoralization; 30.56% elders were found to have no depression but demoralization; 17.94% elders were found to have no depression but in low psychological well-being, and the 17.94% elders were having moderate or high demoralization. 6.Significant negative correlation between elders' depression and psychological well-being, significant negative correlation between elders' demoralization and psychological well-being, significant positive correlation between elders' psychological flexibility and psychological well-being, were found in the study. Also, the “environmental mastery” dimension of psychological well-being had highest correlation with both depression and demoralization. Demoralization had stronger correlations with all dimensions of psychological well-being than depression. The “posotove relationships with others” dimension of psychological well-being had highest correlation with psychological flexibility. 7. It was found that psychological flexibility moderates the relationships between depression and psychological well-being, demoralization and psychological well-being. With high psychological flexibility, elders’ psychological well-being raised more while depression or demoralization decreased. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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