The influences of environmental factors on nest site selection and reproductive success of Russet Sparrow (Passer rutilans)
| Autor: | 林雅雯 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 106 Different factors influence avian reproduction during breeding process. Nest sites that are selected by parent birds normally reflect the environmental conditions such as food resources nearby, concealment, and potential disturbance and competitors. Adverse weather condition and predation are also responsible for causing reproductive failure. However, little information is known regarding reproductive performance for the endangered Russet Sparrow (Passer rutilans) in Taiwan. The objectives of the study were to explore how environmental factors influence nest site selection and reproductive success and to examine microclimate in different materials of nest boxes. We used observation of Russet Sparrow in Zengwen Reservoir region from 2014 to 2017. Total sample size was 1540 and the numbers of active nests were 276. Out of 251 nesting attempts, 168 were successful. Environmental factors include nest site material, nest-hole orientation, tree canopy and road within 10m radius, Julian date of laying date, numbers of rainy days, and maximum daily rainfall. Landscape variables include percentage of open habitat, human-dominated land type and number of available nest and occupied nest within 50m, 200m, and 400m radii and area. We used generalized linear mixed model in program R studio to model nest site selection and reproductive success with environmental factors and ranked models with Akaike information criterion. Kruskal-Wallis Test was used to test temperature and humidity (include mean, maximum, minimum and range) in- and outside of different nest types. Probability of selecting natural material nest boxes was higher than artificial material ones and the nest sites with lower percentage of tree canopy had higher probability of being selected. Nests with earlier first laying date, higher percentage of human-dominated land type within 400m, more rainy days and higher maximum daily rainfall had higher success rates. Regarding microclimate, range of temperature and humidity was smaller for wood boxes than artificial boxes. Regardless of nest type, the measurement of humidity inside the nest box was 2 hours earlier than the data outside the next box, which indicated that nest box could reduce the change in humidity. Our study provided a foundation in understanding breeding strategy of Russet sparrow. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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