Life Cycle Cost Analysis of the Biodegradable Plastics-the Case of PLA

Autor: Chang, Che-Cheng, 張哲誠
Rok vydání: 2015
Druh dokumentu: 學位論文 ; thesis
Popis: 103
Life Cycle Cost Analysis of the Biodegradable Plastics -the Case of PLA by Chang, Che-Cheng July 2015 Advisor : Dr. Chien, Yu-Lan Department : Institute of Natural Resource and Environmental Management Major : Natural Resource and Environmental Management Degree : Master of Arts in Natural Resource Management With Life Cycle Costing (LCC), it is suitable-chosen method to find out the most potential polylactic acid (PLA) in the biodegradable plastics industry that the life cycle environmental impact in each stage in the life cycle. Then, We will get the monetized internal costs and external costs of the assessed environmental impacts in each stage by the life cycle cost analysis method. By quoting the results of the life cycle assessment for the PLA and rPET from the German IFEU by the Krüger et al. (2009), because the complete inventory of internal costs is not easy to get, so we assign the total primary energy as the internal costs and assign greenhouse gases and particulate matter as an external cost to keep from the problem of double counting of internal and external costs in the same time. So we can get the total life cycle cost by one thousand piece of 500ml clamshell container. Greenhouse gases, PM10 and total primary energy (including renewable energy and non-renewable energy aggregate) as the external costs and internal costs and sum up, whether on a discount rate of 5%, 3% and 2.5% in SCC each the one thousand piece of clamshell container total life-cycle costs in both containers the internal costs (total primary energy) dominate. In accordance with the cost estimate PM10 different ways and different discount rates in SCC, the internal costs of PLA dominate to 83.6% ~ 95.53 of the total life-cycle cost, while PET dominate about 82.4% ~ 95.59% of the total life-cycle cost. And the proportion of the external costs (greenhouse gases and PM10), are only 4.47% to 16.40% for PLA, while 4.41 % ~ 17.60% for PET. Both cost structure are similar substantially, and the each one thousand piece of one calculated 500ml PLA clamshell container life cycle total cost is NT $ 0.95 to 1.05 approximately, while PET is NT $ 1.15 to 1.31. Comparatively PLA has the advantage of total life-cycle cost. Although PET is the traditional petrochemical products and is mature industry more than 50 years. However, for the past decade PLA is growing in the industry and provided that improving the lactic acid production of lactic acid extraction and purification procedures prices will decline to as same with PET or lower. And the disadvantage of the easy-deteriorating by moisture breakthrough and the application of improved features will help PLA more cost-effective in future. Keywords: polylactic acid, PLA, biodegradable plastic, life cycle costing
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