Study on Extraction of Essential Oils of Lemon Peel with Mixed Nonionic Surfactants
| Autor: | Yu-ChenWei, 魏宇晨 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 100 The fresh aroma of lemon comes from chemicals secreted in the peel glands – the essential oils. About 90% of the lemon essential oils are monoterpenes, in which the main ingredients are d-limonene, β-pinene, and γ-terpinene. With increasing eco-awareness, the natural and organic products gain their priority in the choice of consumers. Annual production of lemon in Taiwan reaches about 18,000 tons. However, the use of essential oil directly extracted from fresh lemon as flavor additives is rarely seen. If there is a simpler extraction method to extract essential oils from squeezed lemon peel, it would increase the output value of lemon produce and encourage more lemon cultivation in Taiwan. This study attempts to use non-ionic surfactants to extract lemon oil, namely to find optimal microemulsion formulations which are biocompatible and suitable for the extraction of lemon essential oils. The microemulsion extraction process could overpower traditional extraction methods, such as in less energy consumption and no usage of volatile organic solvents. Our results showed that formulations of PE 61/PE 64 (ratio: 1/9), PE 62/PE 64 (ratio: 1/9) and Span 20/PE 64 (ratio: 1/9) can satisfactorily extract lemon essential oils from the peel. One could obtain 4.54, 4.05 and 4.57 mg oil/g peel with an extraction process using 8 wt% mixed surfactant solution for 12 hours. In general, the extraction capability of surfactant solution is slightly inferior to that of ethanol, but better than those of deionized water, n-hexane, and cyclohexane. Moreover, the extract can be well preserved with proper addition of preservatives, e.g. 0.2 wt% methylparaben, and filtration with 0.22 μm disposable filters. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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