Perceived Realism of Physical and Virtual Prototypes of Car Styling Design
| Autor: | Kuen-meau Chen, 陳坤淼 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 96 This research seeks to understand the differences between virtual prototypes and physical models in representing car-styling features. A virtual design environment was built for design evaluation based on full-scale cars, which consists of a personal computer host server, three high-end projectors, and a geometric controller. The system projects an image with 2424*768 pixel resolution and 6m*2m projection area, satisfying the requirement of modeling a car in full scale. Through experts’ interview, six sets of evaluation attributes were identified: form, lighting and shadow, details, color, material, and realism. Virtual models using two different types of rendering methods are used in the experiments: real-time rendered virtual prototypes using OpenGL render engine; and offline rendered virtual prototypes using global illumination techniques. The first experiment compares the different degrees of realism conveyed by physical models and real-time rendered virtual prototypes, with respect to realism closet to the real car. Overall, we found that scaled physical models conveyed the highest degree of realism, followed by full-scale virtual prototypes, and then scaled virtual prototypes. With respect to form attributes, full-scale virtual prototypes delivered better realism than scaled physical and virtual models, where the differences are significant between full-scale and scaled virtual prototypes. Thus, being able to view form features in full size appears to be important in perceiving objects’ forms. With respect to lighting and shadow as well as color and material attributes, scaled physical models conveyed higher degree of realism than full-scale or scaled virtual prototypes. In terms of details attributes, full-scale virtual prototypes provided better realism than scaled virtual prototypes, but not significantly better than scaled physical models. For realism attributes, scaled physical models conveyed the highest degree of realism, followed by full-scale virtual prototypes, and then scaled virtual prototypes. The second experiment compares the differences in the degrees of realism conveyed by physical models and virtual models (rendered in both real-time and offline). We found that, the full-size virtual model rendered offline using global illumination (FVM-VRay) and the scaled virtual model rendered offline using global illumination (SVM-VRay) were the best, followed by the scaled physical model (SPM) and the full-size virtual model rendered in real time (FVM-Vizard), while the scaled virtual model rendered in real time (SVM-Vizard) comes last. In terms of form properties, FVM-VRay, SVM-VRay and FVM-Vizard have better performance than SPM and SVM-Vizard. Therefore, the full-scaled projection appears to play a crucial role in the perception of form. For lighting, color, material, detail, and overall effect properties, FVM-VRay, SVM-VRay and SPM show better performance. In almost all aspects, virtual models rendered using the global illumination rendering delivered good performance in realism for either full-scaled or scaled projection. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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