Evaluation of the Agro-ecological Complexity, Case Study of Rice Paddies in Ilan, Taiwan

Autor: Ming-Kuang Chu, 朱珉寬
Rok vydání: 2008
Druh dokumentu: 學位論文 ; thesis
Popis: 96
Ecological complexity means the diversity, self-organization and ordering of structure and function in different levels in the ecosystem. And Agricultural ecosystem is a complex system between the interface of human and nature, which includes dimension of human society and natural ecology. Complex system has the characteristic of entirety itself, so that in the long-term progress of system development, each dimension in system has to develop simultaneously, or it could be obstructive. Different from the agriculture management in the pass, which sees economic production as the main target, natural ecology dimension in agricultural environment has to be involved in the system under the premise of sustainable development. Furthermore, the concept of ecological conservation focusing on legal protection area in the pass gradually extends to focus on illegal protection area. Therefore, the evaluation of long-term development of Agricultural ecosystem has to use Ecological complexity as a point of view to consider dimension of human society and natural ecology. This paper takes the samples of four Paddy Fields in Ilan, to evaluate their Agro-ecological Complexity in dimension of economic production, sustainable energy (Emergy) and diversity of species. The four Paddy Fields samples are General Paddy Fields in Sanshing, Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Sanshing, Natural Paddy Fields in Suao and Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Suao. In addition, according to the recycling organic material, the part of emergy analysis is distributed into two forms as Extrinsic investment (/inputs) - Natural Paddy Fields in Suao(1) and Local cycle - Natural Paddy Fields in Suao(2) for approach. In the part of economic production, economical net income per hectare from high to low is Natural Paddy Fields in Suao, General Paddy Fields in Sanshing, Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Suao, and Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Sanshing respectively; the highest one is 9 times to the lowest one. In the part of sustainable emergy, the indicator from high to low is Natural Paddy Fields in Suao(2), General Paddy Fields in Sanshing, Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Suao, Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Sanshing, and Natural Paddy Fields in Suao(1) respectively; the highest one is 129 times to the lowest one. And using quantity of species to evaluate diversity of species shows that for plant indicator in fields, General Paddy Fields in Sanshing is the highest one, while for plant indicator on fields’ border, Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Suao is the highest one; for quantity of amphibian species and dragonfly species, Natural Paddy Fields in Suao has the highest average quantity of species. Using Ecological complexity as a point of view, we find the management of Natural Paddy Fields in Suao complex system with the cycle of local resource is the best. The management of Paddy Fields can be considered to develop in this way, which can look after the balanced development of natural ecology and human economic. Besides, Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Sanshing and Duck-Rice Paddy Fields in Suao are at the developmental stages, the information now may underestimate their future developmental circumstance, which needs further tracking and research.
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