Antifungi and Antibacterial Activities of
| Autor: | Yu-Yen Hsu, 許育晏 |
|---|---|
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 96 The purposes of this research were to utilize two types of Taiwanese traditional medical plants, Mahonia oiwakensis and Phellodendron amurense, as experimental materials, which acquired from their root, stem, and leaf to obtain their extractives by using the cold soaking processes and the hot backset refined methods with ethanol. The extractives were used to investigate the Antifungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Trichoderma viride, Penicillium citrinum, Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp.) and the antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli) activities. The main compounds of these ethanol extractives for the Antifungi and the antibacterial activities were analyzed using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of the Antifungi tests obtained that the extractives of the root, stem and leaf of Mahonia oiwakensis and Phellodendron amurense, regardless of by using the cold soaking or the hot backset refined methods with ethanol, were all effective to the Antifungi activities. And the extractives were with a better Antifungi activity to Mucor sp. and Aspergillus flavus, but they were with a worst result to Trichoderma viride and Rhizopus sp. The ethanol extractives with 0.1 mg/mL concentration were effective to the Antifungi activities, and these results were the same as SEM observations of fungi growth rate. From the results of C/N ratio, the extractives with 0.1 and 1 mg/mL were better than the control one, except for 10 mg/mL. From the results of FTIR analysis, the sample with fungi showed an absorbance peak at 1654 cm-1 that was assigned to carbonyl group (C=O), and was response to a representative fungal function group; that is, there was the fungi growth. The results of the antibacterial tests obtained that the extractives were all effective to the antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureaus BCRC 10451, Bacillus subtilis BCRC 10255, and Escherichia coli BCRC 10675, and the best antibacterial activity was to Staphylococcus aureaus BCRC 10451. The minimum inhibitory concentration for all extractives at 0.1 mg/mL was effective to all bacteria used, and the diameter of growth inhibition was between 11.98-15.01 mm by using the hot backset refined methods with ethanol, except for the root of Mahonia oiwakensis. To investigate the influence of temperature to antibacterial compounds, the extractives, using the cold soaking methods with ethanol from the leaf of Mahonia oiwakensis, located in the temperature at 50, 75, 100 and 121 ℃ and then tested with the Staphylococcus aureaus BCRC10451. The results showed that the antibacterial activity was effective, and was unaffected by the temperature change of the extractives. The results for pH value effect on the antibacterial activity showed that the extractives of the root, using the cold soaking methods, from both experimental materials were inhibited to Staphylococcus aureaus BCRC 10451, and the increase of antibacterial activity was increased with pH value from 5 to 11. The results of HPLC analysis obtained that using the hot backset refined methods, there were the highest contents of Berberine for the extractives of Phellodendron amurense root, about 417.34 mg/g, but the extractives of Mahonia oiwakensis leaf was about 17.32 mg/g. The results of the Berberine standard Antifungi tests, therefore, obtained that the Antifungi activities were effective to Aspergillus flavus and Mucor sp. An example of the extractives at 5 mg/mL concentration showed that the growth rate after 4 days inoculated for the blank and control was 100 %, but 36 % for Aspergillus flavus, and 74 % for Mucor sp., indicating that Berberine was a better Antifungi activity for Aspergillus flavus. The results also showed that the Antifungi activity increased about 2.67 times with the increase concentration of Berberine from 0.1 to 5 mg/mL. The results of the antibacterial tests with Berberine standard obtained that the concentration at 0.1 mg/mL was effective to Staphylococcus aureaus BCRC 10451, and the diameter of growth inhibition was about 16.49 mm; moreover, when the concentration increased to 5 mg/mL, the diameter of growth inhibition was 27.88 mm, suggesting that the antibacterial activity was influenced by the concentration of Berberine. The above results concluded that the Antifungi and antibacterial activities of the extractives from the experimental materials with two methods used in this study were related to the concentration of the Berberine. |
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