Silicate and Phosphate Glass-Based Photonic Devices
| Autor: | Tao-yuan Lin, 林道遠 |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 96 In this thesis, ion-exchange technology in glass has been successfully used to realize dependable and low-cost integrated optic devices in silicate and phosphate glasses for λ = 632.8nm as well as for the optical telecommunication window at λ = 1550nm. First of all, the waveguides are fabricated via a binary ion-exchange in silicate glass (N-BK7 form Schott Inc). A complete study of the silver ion diffusion in this glass matrix has been performed in order to determine silver and sodium ion diffusion coefficients as well as the maximum refractive index changes. Specifically, an ion-exchange process involving the use of AgNO3:NaNO3 molten salt with a mole ratio of 0.02:1 was conducted at a temperature of 360°C and with a duration of 300 min to realize the channel waveguides operating at λ = 1550 nm. After ionic diffusion, the cross-sectional size of the waveguide has been measured to be 8μm × 5μm and with propagation loss of ~1 dB/cm for a 1.5 cm long device. Next, the integrated 1-to-8 and 1-to-16 multimode interference (MMI) power beam splitters were designed and fabricated based on the numerical simulation using beam propagation method (BPM). The normalized light intensities varied from ~0.85 to 1 and from ~0.79 to 1 for symmetrical 1 × 8 and 1 × 16 devices, corresponding to the maximum power imbalances of 0.74 and 1.04 dB, respectively. In addition, an efficient dry silver ion-exchange electromigration technique was developed to fabricate multimode interference (MMI) optical beam splitters in two different kinds of glass substrates (N-BK7 and Borofloat form Schott Inc). In contrast to an ion exchange process based on thermal diffusion as mentioned, a relatively high electric field (~715 V/mm) was applied to the glass to accelerate the field-driven ion exchange process by expeditiously replacing host sodium ions in the glass with silver ions. Wet Ag+-Na+ ion exchange process was also utilized to fabricate Er-Yb codoped waveguide amplifiers in phosphate glass (IOG-1 form Schott Inc). The spectroscopic properties and insertion losses were also characterized successfully. With a 3μm diffusion window width, a channel waveguide with propagation loss of ~1.1 dB/cm was obtained for a 1.2 cm long device operating at 1550nm. Relevant results obtained will be carrying over to the design and fabrication of waveguide amplifiers in a near future. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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