The Effects of Aerobic Arm Exercise Training in Male Subjects of Spinal Cord Injury with Glucose Intolerance
| Autor: | Yi-Fang Yeh, 葉逸芳 |
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| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 94 Introduction: For patients with spinal cord injury, the paralyzed muscles and decreased physical activity contribute to the changes of metabolic and cardiovascular functions. Also, the glucose intolerance is often seen in patients with spinal cord injury in clinics. Previous studies have shown that aerobic exercise training can improve the glucose metabolism, cardiovascular fitness and body composition in healthy adults, glucose intolerance patients and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. However, the effects of aerobic exercise are still unclear on the glucose regulation in subjects with spinal cord injury and glucose intolerance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of 8-week and 12-week aerobic exercise training on glucose metabolism, fitness and body composition in male spinal cord injury subjects with glucose intolerance. Methods: Three male subjects with spinal cord injury who demonstrated glucose intolerance were recruited. One’s injury was classified as T11 AISA D, another was T6 complete spinal cord injury, the other was T11-12 compete spinal cord injury. The training program consisted of 12 weeks of arm cranking aerobic exercise, 3 times per week. The training protocol was set at 60% heart rate reserve (HRR) for 35 minutes at the beginning, including 5 minutes warming up and 5 minutes cooling down. During the 12 weeks of training, the training intensity was increased gradually to 80% HRR for 45 minutes at the end.. Our outcome measurements included oral glucose tolerance test, maximal exercise test, body composition, body weight, and motor and sensory function. Descriptive analysis was used to present the results. Results: The motor and sensory functions were not changed throughout the training period and follow-up. The body weight of two subjects was decreased slightly after 12 weeks of training. After 8 weeks of training, the percentages of body fats were decreased and the percentages of muscles were increased in all subjects. The percentages of body fats and muscles improved continuously in two subjects after 12-week training. At follow up, the percentages of body fats were increased and the percentages of muscles were decreased in all subjects. Improvement of glucose response at glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was seen in subject 1 after 8-week-training. However the improvement was not sustained after 12-week-training and at follow-up. There were no improvements of glucose response in subject 2 after 8-week-training, 12-week-training and at follow-up. The glucose responses of subject 3 were improved after 8-week and 12-week training, but the improvements were not sustained at follow-up. However, the insulin sensitivity of all subjects were not increased after 8-week, 12-week and at follow up. As for the fitness, continued improvements were noted in two subjects. Discussion and conclusion: The effects of aerobic arm cranking exercise on body composition of subjects with spinal cord injury in the present study were noted. However, such improvements can’t be sustained at 3-month follow up. It was noted that such aerobic exercise may not be effective in glucose metabolism in male spinal cord injured subjects with glucose intolerance. Arm exercise may not be sufficient to further transform muscle fiber type for better glucose regulation in spinal cord injured subjects who already has upper extremity muscles hypertrophy. But, long-term aerobic arm cranking training could improve the cardiovascular fitness in male spinal cord injury patients. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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