Effect of Feeding Total Mixed Ration with Napier Grass and Distilled Sorghum Grain on Growth Performances, Carcass Characteristics and Chyme Passage Rate of Growing Ostriches
| Autor: | Lou, Kuo-Liang, 羅國良 |
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| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 94 Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of feeding total mixed ration with napier grass or distilled sorghum grain on growth performances, carcass characteristics and chyme passage rate of growing ostriches. In Exp. 1, fifty cross breed ostriches at 9 to 21 kg of body weight were allotted into five trial pens (5m×7m×1m) for a growth trial for 35 days. The five dietary treatments were basal diet and supplemented with either 5, 10, 20% napier grass or 10% distilled sorghum grain plus 10% napier grass. All supplements were calculated in dry matter basis to substitute the basal diet. Body weights were measured on the first day and last day of the growth trial. Body weight gain and feed intake were recorded to calculate the feed conversion ratio (feed/gain). In Exp. 2, twenty cross breed growing ostriches at 47.72 ± 5.89 kg of average body weight were randomly allotted into 4 treatment groups with 5 birds in each pen (22m×12m×1.6m). The 4 dietary treatments were basal diet, and supplemented with either 20, 30% napier grass or 10% distilled sorghum grain plus 10% napier grass, all replacements were calculated in dry matter basis. Feed consumption was recorded daily, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were calculated every 30 days for a total of 120 days period. The chyme passage rate were measured on the 60th and 120th day. Two birds from each treatment were processed by the end of growing experiment. The ostrich carcass dressing percentage, graded meat percentage, crude protein, crude fat, meat color, cooking loss and shear value of ostrich meat were measured. The results in Exp. 1, indicated that the ostriches at 10 kg body weight were easily caused stomach oppilate by feeding too much forage, while the birds at 14 kg and more body weight were efficiently utilize forage and had better body weight gain. The results in Exp. 2, indicated that ostriches fed with forage mixed total ration had higher body weight at 95.93、101.89、104.88 kg than the basal diet group at 90.75 kg (P < 0.05). The graded total meat percentage were at 46.85, 44.49, 47.65 vs. 41.99% (P < 0.05), and feed conversion ratio were at 4.95 ± 0.14, 4.30 ± 0.17, 4.23 ± 0.42 vs. 5.27 ± 0.17 (P < 0.05) for the treatment groups and basal diet group, respectinely. Feed cost was lowered by 15-29% for the treatment groups compared to the basal diet group. The body fat content were at 11.91, 10.55, 10.53% for the treatment groups compared to the basal diet group at 13.54% (P < 0.05). However, the dry matter intake, carcass dressing percentage, bowels (heart, liver, proventriculus and small intestines), crude protein, crude fat contents and color of ostrich meat were not significantly different among all groups. The average feed passage rate through digestive tract were about 52.3 and 54.2 hours for the ostriches at 75 kg and 105kg body weight. The overall results indicated that feeding total mixed ration with napier grass and distilled sorghum grain could improve body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and decrease feed cost on the production of ostriches. |
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