Development and Assessment of Automatic Fracture Table for Fracture Reduction of Low Extremity
| Autor: | Wen-Yu Fang, 方文郁 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 94 According to the department of health statistic, there are 120,000 cases of fracture of lower extremity every year and the case is going to increase yearly. For the method of fracture reduction of low extremity, usually orthopedic physicians use their own hands or the conventional fraction table and meanwhile take C-arm X-ray machine to shoot the photo immediately. By doing so they can observe and check the situation how fracture cures. As clinical physicians pointed out that sometimes it needs two people together to do the traction of fracture of lower extremity by their own hands. When using the conventional fraction table, they have to fix the patient’s position before starting the surgery than going on traction reduction. Because of avoiding the infection by bacteria, the doctor will be not able to touch or adjust the conventional fraction table after doing the surgery. The conventional fraction table lacks of knee flexion mechanism, so it is not proper for the surgery that the doctor need to move patient’s keen, like distal femur fraction. If the patient have thigh fraction and lag fraction at the same time, in conventional surgery, the doctor would take their hands to do the lag fraction surgery and then transfer the patient to put on the conventional fraction table to take care of the thigh. For orthopedic physicians, this kind of 2-step surgery is very completed and easy to be able to treat continuously. No matter which method the doctor chooses via hands or traction device. When using C-arm X-ray, the physicians all have to observe the X-ray photo about the situation of bone and at the same time to adjust the traction part by hands. Therefore, the physicians would absorb lots of radiations through the long time working with X-ray, in spite of taking related protective measures. It does endanger the physicians’ health seriously. As the result, this research major in above problem to design a set of “Automatic Fracture Table of Fracture Reduction for Low Extremity” with mechatronics, long distance remote control system, assistant movable joint mechanism for hip and knee joint, and fraction reduction assistant mechanism for thigh and lag traction function individually. This research has three parts：（I）Automatic fraction table design, （II）Development of mechatronic control design and fraction reduction security factor estimate software design, （III）Mechatronic function testing and clinical testing. The first, automatic fraction table design will started with surveying our country citizens’ limbs ratio and flexible angle and collecting the information of fracture of lower extremity’s surgery method and patients’ position. Then, compared with market sold conventional fraction table presently, we will process mechanical design analysis to transfer to the engineer specification. According to the engineer specification, the research would use SolidWorks® to design the mechanical graph, including holding mechanism, traction mechanism, rotating mechanism and fixed mechanism and such detailed mechanisms. After doing so, we will use the software, Visual Nastran®, to analyze mechanisms’ simulate movement situation to make sure that there is no effect between each mechanism. Finally, follow the graph to fabricate mechanism. The second part is development of mechatronic control design and fraction reduction traction security factor estimate software design. At first, the research will develop the automatic controlled circuit design, and majoring in power support element circuit producing, controlled circuit system design, controlled circuit hardware producing, and hand controller producing. Also the research will use VB6.0 program to write fraction reduction traction security factor estimate software design. Therefore, this research would be able to provide orthopedic physicians a simple clinical testing result in numbers and traction factor estimate interface, and also provide they a security traction distance factor to avoid to over traction patients’ lower limbs during surgery. The third part is mechatronic function testing and clinical testing. This research will integrate the mechanism and circuit controlled system, then doing the practical operation for function testing, such as the mechanism movement of hip joint flexing, keen joint flexing, traction, and rotating. Then, by using the developed mechanism with a measuring tool, Zebris 3D action analysis measure system, we could estimate normal people’s leg lifting angle, keen flexing and mechanism angle’s correlation, thigh and lag traction distance and mechanism stretching length correlation. By testing like this, we can the longest average traction distance thigh and lag to provide orthopedic physicians a security and consulting traction distance data. Finally, we use pigs’ lower limbs to stimulate fraction reduction to prove the developed mechanism by this research to fraction reduction. About research concrete result, the first part result is about the mechanism of automatic fraction table has followed the original demand to complete the first generate mechanism’s design, fabrication and producing. The mechanism model include of the frame, thighs traction mechanism, legs elevated mechanism, lag traction mechanism, keen flexion mechanism, feet rotating mechanism, frame holding mechanism, and so on. The second part, development of mechatronic control design and fraction reduction traction security factor estimate software design, have completed power support element circuit, linear actuator stretching controlled circuit, motor clockwise/counterclockwise controlled circuit, bottom hand controller, database management function model, traction distance estimated model. After function testing, third part about mechatronic has the result that has achieved the planned target. In the third part’s clinical testing, the research took 7 normal people as testers, focus on normal people’s thigh traction distance with amount of machine stretching, normal people’s lag traction distance with amount of machine stretching, the normal people’s legs lifting angel and the machine lifting angle, and the correlation of knees flexion angle and machine flexion angle to do measuring and discussing. Then, we can obtain the data of 3.2 mm for the longest traction distance of the normal people’s thigh standing and 1.9 mm for lags. The data is very useful to develop surgery mechanism arm. Finally, the third part, using pig’s lower limbs to simulate the fraction reduction can prove that the machine the research developed can make fraction reduction. As above mentioned, automatic fraction table of fracture reduction of low extremity that designed by this research can use electric 缸 and motor instead of human effort to do traction motion. Also it is a machine that can improve legs lifting and knees flexion function and can make knees flexing to adjust fracture reduction of low extremity. Being able to take care of thighs and lags individually can apply to the surgery that thighs and lags fracture both happened to patients. By using hand controller and circuit controlled system could have no need to touch adjusting the machine during surgery operation. While shooting by X-ray, by taking long distance remote control to adjust patients positions and traction can avoid hospitaller exploring at radiations directly. We hope this research could help you to develop the related field of low extremity fracture reduction in the future. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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