Technical Efficiency of China's Manufacturing.
| Autor: | Chan Yu Chi, 詹語綺 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 92 For recent years, the economy in China has been remaining an upward trend of outstanding growth, in which the Chinese manufacturing industry has been playing an important role, while most of the developed countries worldwide reveal the weakness. Will the manufacturing industry in China, on getting rid of constraint of the planned economy and interference of the guiding principle from government, be more efficient due to its reform toward market economy? And which characteristic of enterprise affects the technical efficiency? This thesis builds up empirical models to evaluate the manufacturing technical efficiency and those key factors involve in. Therefore, the Panel Data represents the manufacturing industries selected from 28 regions of China and from 28 industrial sectors, from 1995 ~ 2001 are studied. Refer to the study of Battese and Coelli (1995), the Stochastic Frontier Production Function is used on the Panel Data. Three empirical models are built and Maximum Likelihood method and the computer program FRONTIER 41 are used for the analysis of technical efficiency in Chinese manufacturing industry. The result shows that governmental budget of construction and foreign investment are two factors affect technical efficiency on three main industrial regions. Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Jiangsu gain higher value of technical efficiency while those regions in northeast gain lower level. The value of technical efficiency in industrial sectors reveals that those sectors in governmental list of priority, such as electric equipment and machinery, electronic and telecommunications equipment, possess higher technical level. Those industrial sectors of labor intensive and low-tech, like food processing and textile industry that have been the industry with comparative advantages remaining certain level of technical efficiency, become stable in their growth. Among the characteristics of enterprise, most of the processing manufacturers in the regions of export have lower technical efficiency. The more the foreign direct investment in the manufacturing, the more technical efficiency the industry gains. In the regional development, large cities and the southeast regions possess higher level due to higher investment from foreign countries and Chinese government. Besides, the maturity of transportation, expense on R&D (research and development) and the increase of population of graduate school tend to raise technical efficiency. From these variables, it is assertive that the enhancement of fundamental construction, of investment on R&D and education will help to improve technical efficiency of an industry. Regarding business scale, two criterions are set up for analysis. The result indicates that, measured from the dimension of capital, the largest enterprise the best. More capital it possesses, the better reform and better R&D take places. In contrast, measurement from the viewpoint of number of employees, the smallest the enterprise is, the best. Too many employees result in low efficiency. In the empirical studies of the status of registration in Chinese manufacturing industries shows that those units of other types of ownership gain the highest scores while foreign funded enterprises are ranked the second one. From a different aspect, the state-owned-units are superior than those urban collective-owned units under the aggressive reform in recent years. Further more from the result, the manufacturing industries are now transforming gradually from the stage of labor intensive to the stage of capital intensive, there are progressively more vertical integrations than horizontal integrations in industrial cooperation.It reveals that China have successfully achieved the goal of its strategy by exchanging huge low-cost labors with investing capital. However, more achievements in technical growth are required for keeping the economic growth and the improvement of industrial infrastructure of China. The best approach to attract the investment from foreign enterprises of high technology is by stimulating the domestic market demand and perfecting the investing environment that bring the opportunity of technology transfer and the high growth rate of manufacturing industries in China. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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