Effects of Short-term Storage, and Shading, Nitrogen and Potassium Concentration of Stock Plants on Rooting and Growth of Chrysanthemum Cuttings

Autor: Pi-Hui Hsu, 徐碧徽
Rok vydání: 2004
Druh dokumentu: 學位論文 ; thesis
Popis: 92
Effects of short-term storage, shading and nitrogen-potassium treatments of stock plants on rooting and growth of chrysanthemum cuttings were studied. Cuttings of eleven chrysanthemum cultivars were stored at 5 and 15℃ for 0 to 21 days in the dark. Three groups could be classified according to their changes in root dry weight with storage treatments. Group I contained ‘Hua-Yu-Dieng’, ‘Bai-Dong-Yang’, ‘Shi-Gie -Yi’, ‘Ho-Lan-Bi’, ‘Hua-Shi- Gie’, ‘Gin-Fon-Cher’, ‘Huang-Shiou-Fan’, and ‘Wu-Fon-Cher’. Root dry weight increased in Group I cuttings after having stored for two days, and then decreased with storage period extended. However, their root dry weights were still higher than unstored cuttings after storage for 21 days. Group II contained ‘Hon-Mei-Zen’ and ‘Har-Lei’ cultivars which could be short-term stored. Their root dry weights increased after storage for two days but decreased after 21 days. Group III contained ‘Hei-Shin-Huang’ cultivar, with reduced root dry weight after storage. Root number and root dry weight of ‘Huang-Gin-Ging’ and ‘Chi- Hsiang-Fen’ cuttings were increased after having stored at 5℃ for 4 to 8 days. Storage also accelerated root development in that root length increased with increasing storage duration. Shoot dry weight and leaf SPAD value decreased with storage period extended. Cuttings had little rooting when their leaf SPAD value was below 15 during storage. Therefore, this nondestructive, in situ, chlorophyll meter could aid in monitoring rooting status of chrysanthemum cuttings after storage. The cultivar ‘Huang-Gin- Ging’ flowered earlier, with fewer leaf number below the inflorescence and shorter length. Cultivars ‘Shi-Gie-Yi’ and ‘Wu-Fon-Cher’ could be stored at 2 to 8℃ up to 28 days, with increases in root growth and development. In contrast, cultivars ‘Huang-Shiou-Fan’, ‘Hua-Shi-Gie’, ‘Bai-Dong-Yang’, and ‘Hua-Yu-Dieng’ could be stored at 2 to 8℃ for 8 days only. For cuttings stored at 11 to 24℃, maximum root dry weight occurred at storage for 2 to 8 days, and their root dry weights decreased gradually as storage duration increased. Regressions of leaf SPAD value in cuttings during storage on subsequent root dry weights showed significant curvilinear relationships in cultivars ‘Shi-Gie-Yi’, ‘Wu-Fon-Cher’, ‘Huang-Shiou-Fan’, ‘Hua-Shi-Gie’, ‘Bai- Dong-Yang’, and ‘Hua-Yu-Dieng’. The subsequent root dry weights were linearly correlated with their associated shoot dry weights. The cultivar ‘Hei-Shing-Huang’ had lower water content, SPAD value, and sucrose/starch ratio, but higher relative injury during storage than cultivars ‘Hua-Yu-Dieng’ and ‘Har-Lei’. In ‘Hei-Shing-Huang’, the unstored or short-term (5℃ for 1 day) stored cuttings had higher transpiration and stomatal conductivity. These characteristics could explain why the cultivar ‘Hei-Shing-Huang’ exhibited poor storage ability. Measurements of water content, SPAD value and relate injury during storage could be as reliable indices for determining cutting storability in chrysanthemum. Stock plants of the cultivars ‘Huang-Shiou-Fan’ and ‘Hua-Shi- Gie’ without shading produced cuttings with dark green leaves. However, there was no significant effect for rooting between the 0% and 50% shading treatments. Cuttings of cultivar ‘Hua-Shi-Gie’ taken from stocks under 50% shading had more root number than those from the unshaded stocks. Stock plants of ‘Huang-Shiou-Fan’ treated with 16 mM nitrogen and 5 mM potassium produced more cuttings, which showed better visual quality and rooting. Further increases in nitrogen and potassium concentration did not increase the yield and root number of cuttings. The cutting yield from stock plants and root number of cuttings were largely affected by nitrogen concentration treatments.
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