Ⅰ. A study on semi-continuous microwave process for removal of heavy metals in fly ash from municipal solid waste (MSW) incineratorⅡ. Determination of lead content in blood by solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography (SPME-GC)
| Autor: | DerShyr Che, 陳得時 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 89 Ⅰ. A study on semi-continuous microwave process for removal of heavy metal in fly ash from municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator The incineration was wildly used in the pretreatment of the municipal solid waste ( MSW ). But the incinerated fly ash contained heavy metals, and considered to be harmful material. The purpose of this study is to extract heavy metal in fly ash from municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator using microwave. The traditional leaching or shaking method was used to remove the heavy metals in fly ash. The whole processes were time-consuming. In this study, the microwave extraction methods was presented, and the extraction time was decreased to minites. The dilute HCl solution was as an extraction reagent to extract the fly ash, and the experiments were designed to use mix level orthogonal array to find the optimized extracting condition. The optimized conditions were microwave power: 546 W; extract time, 25 sec; extracting solution, 0.3 M HCl; solid / liquid ratio, 1 / 20. The results showed that the removal rate of metals were 89.6% of Pb, 97.2% of Cu, 79.1% of Zn, 92.8 of Cd in fly ash by the microwave extraction treatment. Ⅱ. Preliminary determination of lead content in blood by solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography (SPME-GC) Traditional method for the determination of lead in whole blood was by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The purpose of this study was to optimize the extracting procedure for determination of lead in whole blood by SPME-GC with flame ionization detector (FID). The solution 0.1% Triton-X100 was used to release lead from the erythrocytes. Corpuscles and protein were precipitated by adding 10% trichloracetic acid. The four factors of mix level orthogonal array design for SPME were used in this work and found the following conditions to be optimal: sample pH, 4.0 and 1M acetic acid buffer volume, 1 mL (pH 4.0); extraction time,15 mins; 2% sodium tetraethylborate (STEB) solution,0.2ml; with SPME fiber, 100m poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS). The lead ion was first derivatized with STEB to form tetraethyllead, which is then absorbed on SPME fiber in the headspace over the sample. After sampling, the fiber was withdrawn into the needle and the SPME device was transferred to the GC. The needle in the SPME device is introduced into the GC injector which the absorbed analytes are thermally desorbed and delivered to the GC column,5% phenyl 95% dimethyl-polysiloxame (30m×0.25mm I.D×0.25m, DB-5 MS), and finally organic lead was detected by FID. The conecntration of lead blood was found, 5.96 ug / dL |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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