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Purpose: To describe characteristics and associations of risk factors for patients admitted to Nationwide Children’s Hospital (NCH) for infective endocarditis (IE), and to provide a descriptive overview of IE in a representative U.S. children’s hospital.Methods: A retrospective chart review of electronic medical records from January 1, 2008 to January 1, 2020 of patients who met the modified Duke criteria for definite or possible IE. Study variables include demographics, medical and cardiac history, predisposing conditions and risk factors, bacterial isolates, hospital course, treatment, complications, and dental history.Results: Initial search query found 242 patients. 67 patients met inclusion criteria. 69% had an underlying cardiac condition. S. aureus and viridans streptococcus were most common. Age was significantly associated with presence of intracardiac hardware. The mean length of hospital stay was 25 days and the mortality rate was 9%. 32% patients had a dental consult during admission.Conclusion: Increased survival of children with significant heart conditions increases the likelihood of them becoming pediatric dental patients. Occurrence of IE in healthy children and the questioning of IE association with dental procedures suggest further research is needed. It is recommended that pediatric dentists are aware of cardiac and non-cardiac factors that place patients at risk for IE, focus on prevention of oral disease, be up to date with guidelines for IE prophylaxis, and have a definitive plan before dental treatment. |
