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Recently, much attention has been given to the development of biomedical applications of nanotechnology which known as nanomedicine. Nanomedicine utilizes nanoparticles such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, nanowires, quantum dots and inorganic nanoparticles to diagnose and treat various diseases. This dissertation research has focused on the development of inorganic nanoparticles for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Targeted nanoparticulate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents discussed in chapter 3 showed high MRI signal and will be invaluable for future tissue specific imaging and investigation of molecular and cellular events. Specifically, this study highlights that simple one-step method for preparing extremely stable and biocompatible NPs of the gadolinium ferrocyanide coordination polymer. These NPs exhibit no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that such NPs possess extremely high T1-weighted relaxivity, suggesting the potential of this coordination-polymer structural platform in the development of new-generation T1-weighted cellular MR probes for biological receptors or markers within the cell to study molecular events as well as for in vivo MR imaging in biomedical research and clinical applications.In chapter 4 synthesis and characterization of nanoparticulate contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography is reported. These nanoparticles offer a much higher contrast efficacy compared to clinical iodinated agents at 120 kVp. Together with long circulation time and low toxicity, these nanoparticles can act as a high-performance CT contrast agent for in vivo applications.The remaining chapters of this dissertation concern the synthesis of therapeutic nanoparticles. The first part of the chapter 5 describes the synthesis and characterization of Au@ZnMoS4 nanoparticles as copper depleting agent for the treatment of Wilson’s disease. Their utility as copper depleting agent has been clearly demonstrated in vitro.In the second part of Chapter 5, the synthesis and characterization of therapeutic nanoparticles for angiogenesis inhibition is reported. In this dissertation project, anti-angiogenic function and mechanism of ZnMoS4 NPs in primary HUVECs was investigated in detail. |
