| Popis: |
A new tensile strength test was developed successfully that avoided bending force issues, ice samples slipping problem, ice sample misalignment issues, while ensuring uniform application of loading force. Ice samples were prepared using distilled water, rain water, tap water, and water obtained from Lake Erie. The tensile adhesive strengths of the distilled ice/substrate materials interface were 1.19±0.29MPa, 0.76±0.11MPa, and 0.59±0.19MPa to stainless steel, a polyurethane wind turbine blade top coat, and epoxy primer coating, respectively. In an unexpected result, the tensile adhesive strengths of the Lake Erie ice/substrate materials interface were statistically significantly lower at 0.32±0.05MPa, 0.34±0.08MPa, and 0.27±0.07MPa to stainless steel, polyurethane top coat, and epoxy primer coating, respectively. The adhesive strength of intentionally doped-saline ice/stainless steel interface decreased when the concentration of sodium chloride or calcium chloride increased. The reduction of saline water ice and Lake Erie ice/wind turbine materials adhesive tensile strength was therefore attributed to the presence of chloride ions. |
