Desenvolvimento de metodologias anal?ticas alternativas por cromatografia gasosa para an?lise de biodiesel
| Autor: | Faria, Fatima Regina Dutra |
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| Jazyk: | portugalština |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da UFRNUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteUFRN. |
| Druh dokumentu: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Popis: | Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FatimaRDF_TESE.pdf: 1276993 bytes, checksum: e49848d3c2dd72aa79cb38ebe1d84d84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-26 Since the beginning of the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel in Brazil, in 2004, different raw materials were evaluated for biodiesel production, trying to combine the agricultural diversity of the country to the desire to reduce production coasts. To determine the chemical composition of biodiesel produced from common vegetables oils, international methods have been used widely in Brazil. However, for analyzing biodiesel samples produced from some alternative raw materials analytical problems have been detected. That was the case of biodiesel from castor oil. Due the need to overcome these problems, new methodologies were developed using different chromatographic columns, standards and quantitative methods. The priority was simplifying the equipment configuration, realizing faster analyses, reducing the costs and facilitating the routine of biodiesel research and production laboratories. For quantifying free glycerin, the ethylene glycol was used in instead of 1,2,4-butanetriol, without loss of quality results. The ethylene glycol is a cheaper and easier standard. For methanol analyses the headspace was not used and the cost of the equipment used was lower. A detailed determination of the esters helped the deeper knowledge of the biodiesel composition. The report of the experiments and conclusions of the research that resulted in the development of alternative methods for quality control of the composition of the biodiesel produced in Brazil, a country with considerable variability of species in agriculture, are the goals of this thesis and are reported in the following pages No Brasil, desde o in?cio do Programa Nacional de Produ??o e Uso do Biodiesel, em 2004, diversas mat?rias primas foram avaliadas para a sua produ??o, tentando aliar a diversidade agr?cola do pa?s ao desejo de diminuir os custos de produ??o. Para determinar a composi??o qu?mica de amostras de biodiesel produzidas a partir dos ?leos mais comuns, os m?todos internacionais t?m sido largamente utilizados no Brasil. Por?m, para an?lises de biodiesel produzido a partir de algumas mat?rias primas alternativas, alguns problemas anal?ticos foram detectados. Esse foi o caso do biodiesel de mamona. Devido ? necessidade de contornar esses problemas, novas metodologias foram desenvolvidas, utilizando colunas cromatogr?ficas, padr?es e diferentes m?todos para quantifica??o, privilegiando a sempre simplifica??o dos equipamentos, a realiza??o de an?lises mais r?pidas, diminuindo os custos e facilitando a rotina dos laborat?rios de pesquisas e de produ??o do biodiesel. No caso das an?lises para quantifica??o da glicerina livre, o etilenoglicol, padr?o muito mais barato e de f?cil aquisi??o, foi utilizado no lugar do 1,2,4-butanotriol, sem perda da qualidade dos resultados. Nas an?lises do metanol a n?o utiliza??o do headspace, diminuiu os custos do equipamento utilizado. A determina??o detalhada dos ?steres presentes ajudou o conhecimento mais profundo da composi??o de amostras de biodiesel provenientes de mat?rias primas alternativas. O relato dos experimentos e as conclus?es das pesquisas que resultaram no desenvolvimento de metodologias alternativas para controle de qualidade da composi??o do biodiesel produzido no Brasil, pa?s com enorme variabilidade de esp?cies na agricultura, s?o os objetivos dessa tese e est?o relatados nas p?ginas seguintes |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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