Essential oils and its components in the control of Meloidogyne incognita in soybeans and tomatoes
| Autor: | JARDIM, Iselino Nogueira |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da UFPAUniversidade Federal do ParáUFPA. |
| Druh dokumentu: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Popis: | Submitted by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2018-09-14T17:56:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_EssentialOilsComponents.pdf: 4263439 bytes, checksum: c1189e55f12d63ca94f4a519200746ce (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2018-09-14T17:57:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_EssentialOilsComponents.pdf: 4263439 bytes, checksum: c1189e55f12d63ca94f4a519200746ce (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-14T17:57:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese_EssentialOilsComponents.pdf: 4263439 bytes, checksum: c1189e55f12d63ca94f4a519200746ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 Óleos essenciais derivados do metabolismo secundário de plantas podem ter atividades contra nematóides das galhas, Melodogyne incognita. Devido à necessidade de nematicidas mais eficientes e menos tóxicos para o homem e para o ambiente do que os disponíveis para o controle de Meloidogyne incognita, assim, neste trabalho objetivou-se estudar os óleos essenciais de Cinnamomum cassia e de Allium sativum, que foram descritos como ativos in vitro contra o nematóide Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. O óleo essencial de ambas as espécies foi obtido por hidrodestilação, dissolvidos em solução aquosa de Tween 80 a 0,01 g mL-1 e testado in vitro contra M. incognita. A 62 μg mL-1 as emulsões dos óleos foram mais ativas sobre ovos e juvenis de segundo estagio (J2) do que o Carbofuran a 173 μg mL-1. De acordo com a análise de cromatografia gasosa-espectrometria de massas, o constituinte majoritário de C. cassia é o (E)-cinamaldeído (83,3%), enquanto para o óleo de alho foram trisulfeto de dialila (66.7%) e dissulfeto de dialila (21.3%). Esses constituintes explicaram a atividade nematicida in vitro do óleo essencial de cada espécie de planta. A emulsão do óleo de C. cassia (500 μg mL-1), (E)-cinamaldeído (416 μg mL-1) e alho (250 μg mL-1) reduziram o numero de galhas e de ovos em plantas de soja e tomateiro, respectivamente, a valores estatisticamente iguais àquele obtido pelo Carbofuran (416 μg mL-1). Vapores dos óleos essenciais e do (E)-cinamaldeído foram ativos tanto quanto o nematicida fumigante Basamid usado nos ensaios in vitro contra M. incognita. A infectividade e a reprodução de M. incognita em plantas de soja e de tomate cultivadas em substrato infestado artificialmente com ovos do nematóide e tratado com 0,2 mL (alho), 1,0 mL (E)-cinamaldeído e 0,25 g de Basamid foram estatisiticamente iguais entre si na redução da população do nematoide. Esses resultados inequivocamente provam a atividade nematicida dos óleos essenciais e da substância (E)-cinamaldeído contra M. incognita, portanto, tanto o óleo quanto o (E)-cinamaldeído são muito promissores ao desenvolvimento de novos nematicidas fumigantes para o controle de nematóides em plantas de soja e de tomate. Essential oils derived from secondary plant metabolism may have activities against root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita. Because nematicides that are more efficient and less toxic to humans and the environment than those available are desirable to control this pathogen, this work aimed at studying the essential oil of Cinnamomum cassia and Allium sativum, which were described as active in vitro against the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. The essential oils of both species were obtained by hydrodistillation, initially dissolved in aqueous solution of Tween 80 at 0.01 g mL-1 and tested in vitro against M. incognita. At 62 μg mL-1 the oil emulsions were more active on eggs and second stage juveniles (J2) than Carbofuran at 173 μg mL-1. According to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, the major constituent of C. cassia is (E) -cinnamaldehyde (83.3%), while for garlic oil were diallyl trisulfide (66.7%) and diallyl disulfide (21.3%). These constituents explained the in vitro nematicidal activity of the essential oil of each plant species. The emulsion of the C. cassia (500 μg mL-1), E)-cinnamaldehyde (416 μg mL-1) and garlic (250 μg mL -1) reduced the number of galls and eggs in roots soybean and tomatoes to values statistically equal to those obtained with Carbofuran at 415 μg mL-1. Vapors from the essential oils and (E)-cinnamaldehyde were active as much as the basamid fumigant nematicide used in the in vitro assays against M. incognita. Infectivity and reproduction of M. incognita in soybean and tomato plants grown on substrate artificially infested with nematode eggs and treated with 0.2 mL (garlic), 1.0 mL (E)-cinnamaldehyde and 0.25 g of Basamid were statistically equal among themselves in reducing the nematode population. These results unequivocally proofs of the nematicidal activity of the essential oils and of the (E)-cinnamaldehyde substance against M. incognita, therefore, both oil (E)-cinnamaldehyde are very promising to the development of new fumigant nematicides for the control of nematodes in soybean and tomato plants. UFPA/Altamira |
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