內生性成長與財政政策
| Autor: | 李衍磬, LI, YAN QING |
|---|---|
| Předmět: | |
| Druh dokumentu: | Text |
| Popis: | 長久以來，經濟成長一直是各國努力追求的目標，而經濟成長模型則提供解釋經濟成 長過程的理論基礎。此外各國經濟成長率的差異亦是成長模型所關心的問題。以往， 新古典的成長理論解釋長期的經濟成長率是外生技術進步所造成，財政政策扮演無關 緊要的角色，僅僅影響過渡動態調整。直到近幾年，Romer(1986b)提出內生性成長模 型後，長期的經濟成長率決定於偏好與技術的參數。而Barro(1990) 利用此內生性成長模型的概念，導出政府財政政策是內生性經濟成長的主要因素。 本文擬介紹數種包含政府部門在內的內生性成長模型，首先假設在封閉經濟體系下， 單一資本累積的成長模型。透過以政府支出影響生產函數以及Cobb-Douglas型態生長 函數的假設，我們可以討論單調遞增，遞減以及固定成長率的經濟成長模型，因此本 文模型延伸了Romer)1986b),Barro(1190),Xie(1991),Rebelo(1991) 等人的內生性成 長模型。從這些模型中可看出政府支出對每人消費，資本及產出成長率的影響。由於 政府支出與租稅具有外部性，使得競爭經濟下所求出的投資報酬與經濟成長率低於社 會計劃經濟下所求得的結果。 The conventional neoclassical growth models attribute the long-run steady-state growth to the exogenous technological progress, and government’s fiscal pol-icy can only affect the dynamic transitional path toward the steady state. In recent years, Romer (1986b)first proposed a growth model in which the long-runrate of growth is endogenized. Following Romer, Barro (1990) examined that the fiscal policy may be one of the major factors influencing the country’s long-runrate of growth. Building on Barro’s model, this thesis presents three models of endogenous growth. Each recognizes that government spending can influence the aggregate production function. The aggregate production function exhibits an overall de-creasing return to scale, constant return to scale, and increasing return to scale. These models show that the fiscal policy has effects on the growth paths of pre capita consumption, private capital stock, and output in a competitive eqilib-rium. Furthemore, the competitive rate of return of capital may be lower than that under the central planning economy, because the external effects of govern-ment spending are excluded from the individual household’s perspective. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
| Externí odkaz: |
|