The education of Romanian university professors in Western universities

Autor: Nastasa, Lucian
Rok vydání: 2008
Předmět:
Wirtschaft
Geschichte
Bildung und Erziehung
Economics
History
Education
University Education
Occupational Research
Occupational Sociology
Social History
Historical Social Research
Berufsforschung
Berufssoziologie
Bildungswesen tertiärer Bereich
Sozialgeschichte
historische Sozialforschung
Deutsches Reich
historische Entwicklung
Elite
Intellektueller
politische Elite
Hochschulbildung
Österreich
Lebensstil
Europa
Recht
Rumänien
postsozialistisches Land
Studienort
Ausland
Studienfach
Zwischenkriegszeit
Auswirkung
Medizin
Studium
Ausbildung
Hochschullehrer
Frankreich
Westeuropa
post-socialist country
Austria
Western Europe
intellectual
subject of study
place to study
training
medicine
Romania
foreign countries
historical development
political elite
university teacher
studies (academic)
Europe
France
life style
elite
peace time
impact
law
university level of education
German Reich
empirisch
empirisch-quantitativ
historisch
historical
empirical
quantitative empirical
Zdroj: Historical Social Research, 33, 2, 221-231
Druh dokumentu: journal article<br />Zeitschriftenartikel
ISSN: 0172-6404
DOI: 10.12759/hsr.33.2008.2.221-231
Popis: 'From the beginning of the modern era, Western universities played the most important role in preparing the Romanian elite. We cannot talk about a Romanian higher education network before 1864, when the universities of Iasi and Bucharest were set up, to which two more universities were added in 1919 in Cluj and in Cernauti. Even so, due to the weakness of the Romanian higher education system, for a long time the 'other Europe' was the only reliable and respected source of education for the Romanian youth with higher intellectual, social and political aspirations. Relevant is the fact that due to the deficiencies of Romanian higher education, as well as the mirage of Western countries, foreign universities held a monopoly in the formation of the local intellectual elite. One can estimate, without exaggeration, that between 1860-1918, almost all ministers, members of ministerial cabinets, university professors and other high state officials had been educated abroad. Only by taking into account this fact can we explain the rapid transformations of Romanian elites and the gradual changes of all other, more deep-seated layers of society and the way changes of content and spirit in the national culture were possible following Western models, which up to that point were strongly influenced by the Oriental and Orthodox world. The explanation is more complex, not only taking into account the ethno-psychological features of Romanians, but also the post-war strategy of France. In other words, France manifested a profound desire to compensate the decline of French military and economic power with cultural preeminence, encouraging the presence of foreign students in its universities. After 1920 the Romanian students participated in this strategy as the promoters of French customs and lifestyle in their home country. Romanian students were most numerous in the faculties of law and medicine, and they were almost invariably the most represented foreign group in all faculties during the interwar period.' (author's abstract)
Databáze: SSOAR – Social Science Open Access Repository
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