| Popis: |
Glycomics is an international project that analyzes systematically and comparatively the overall and/or specific structural and biological properties of carbohydrates, also known as sugars or glycans, within a repertoire from a given type of cell, tissue, organism, kingdom or even from a certain environment, as found under specific conditions. Glycomics is one of the latest'omics' projects to be launched into biology. This is because carbohydrates were primarily considered a mere class of structural or energetic molecules. Besides that, structural and functional studies in glycomics are more challenging than other projects, and analytical limitations in glycobiology have impaired the progress. However, with the development of technology, and mostly through recent scientific achievements, innumerous vital biological functions have been uncovered and attributed to the sugars. Moreover, certain glycans may also exhibit effective medicinal properties which have in turn awakened a great interest by pharmaceutical companies. Glycans of marine sources are unique in terms of function and structure, and they differ considerably from those of terrestrial origin. This book compiles and illustrates some of these recent achievements concerning the principle examples of marine sugars with medical properties, such as chitin, chitosan, sulfated polysaccharides and glycoconjugates. Their therapeutic actions are very broad since they are comprised of beneficial effects in many systems such as inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis, cancer growth/metastasis and vascular biology. Additional information about the enzymatic synthesis, chemically modified derivatives, relevance of composing units and other biochemical properties of these marine medicinal glycans are also discussed herein. |
