O uso do ultra-som intracoronariano na tomada de decisão para o tratamento das lesões coronarianas moderadas The use of intravascular ultrasound in deciding on the treatment of moderate coronary lesions

Autor: Andrea Claudia Leão de Sousa Abizaid, Leopoldo Soares Piegas, Alexandre Antonio Cunha Abizaid, Luiz Fernando Leite Tanajura, Aurea Jacob Chaves, Marinella Patrizia Centemero, Ana Cristina C. Seixas, Luiz Alberto Piva Mattos, Ibraim Pinto, Amanda Guerra Morais Rego Sousa, J. Eduardo Morais Rego Sousa
Jazyk: English<br />Portuguese
Rok vydání: 2004
Předmět:
Zdroj: Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Vol 83, Iss spe, Pp 3-6 (2004)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 0066-782X
1678-4170
DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2004001900002
Popis: OBJETIVO: Investigar o critério ultra-sonográfico de área mínima da luz (AML), com valor de corte igual a 4,0 mm² na tentativa de diferençar as lesões que devem ou não ser tratadas. MÉTODOS: Incluímos 173 pacientes consecutivos com lesões angiograficamente moderadas (porcentual de estenose entre 40 e 70) submetidos à realização de ultra-som, divididos em 2 grupos: grupo 1 clínico (AML > 4,0 mm²) e grupo 2 revascularização (AML < 4,0 mm²), que foram acompanhados para determinar as taxas de eventos cardíacos maiores (ECM) em dois anos, a necessidade de revascularização da lesão-alvo e identificar os preditores clínicos, angiográficos e ultra-sonográficos dos eventos. RESULTADOS: Apresentaram AML > 4,0 mm² 75 (43%) pacientes, mantidos clinicamente e 98 (57%) pacientes AML < 4,0 mm², tratados com stents coronarianos. Pela angiografia coronariana quantitativa não houve diferença significante entre o porcentual de estenose do vaso [grupo 1: 48% vs grupo 2: 53%; p=0,06]. Ao contrário das mensurações ultra-sonográficas, pois a AML mostrou-se significativamente maior no grupo 1 quando comparada ao grupo 2 [4,54 mm² vs 2,45 mm²; pOBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrasound criterion of minimum luminal area (MLA) with a cutoff value of 4.0 mm² in an attempt to differentiate the lesions that should be treated from those that should not. METHODS: The study comprised 173 consecutive patients with moderate angiographic lesions (percentage of stenosis between 40 and 70) who underwent ultrasound imaging. They were divided into 2 groups as follows: group 1 or clinical group (MLA > 4.0 mm²); and group 2 or revascularization group (MLA < 4.0 mm²). The patients were followed up to determine the rate of major cardiac events (MCE) in 2 years, the need for revascularization of the target lesion, and to identify the clinical, angiographic, and ultrasound predictors of events. RESULTS: Seventy-five (43%) patients had MLA > 4.0 mm² and were clinically treated; 98 (57%) patients had MLA < 4.0 mm² and were treated with coronary stents. On quantitative coronary angiography, no significant difference was observed between the percentage of vessel stenosis [group 1: 48% vs group 2: 53%; P=0.06]. By the other hard ultrasound measurements, as MLA was significantly greater in group 1 compared with that in group 2 [4.54 mm² vs 2.45 mm²; P < 0.001)]. The clinical impact of the decision was favorable, and no difference was observed in regard to the occurrence of major cardiac events: [group 1: 5 (7%) vs group 2: 14 (15%); P = 0.09]. The need for revascularization of the target lesion also did not differ (group 1: 3 (4%) vs group 2: 11 (12%); P = 0.07). The predictive variables for MCE were diabetes, functional class III (FC III) angina before hospitalization, and MLA assessed on ultrasound. CONCLUSION: This strategy for deciding on appropriate treatment guarantees low rates of MCE in both groups in the 24-month follow-up, with reduced revascularization rates. The predictive variables of major cardiac events were as follows: diabetes mellitus, FC III angina, and MLA on intravascular ultrasound.
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