Beyond the prey: male spiders highly invest in silk when producing worthless gifts
| Autor: | Camila Pavón-Peláez, Valentina Franco-Trecu, Irene Pandulli-Alonso, Therésa M. Jones, Maria J. Albo |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | PeerJ, Vol 10, p e12757 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 2167-8359 41618327 |
| DOI: | 10.7717/peerj.12757 |
| Popis: | In the spider Paratrechalea ornata, males have two gift-giving mating tactics, offering either a nutritive (prey) or a worthless (prey leftovers) silk wrapped gift to females. Both gift types confer similar mating success and duration and afford males a higher success rate than when they offer no gift. If this lack of difference in the reproductive benefits is true, we would expect all males to offer a gift but some males to offer a worthless gift even if prey are available. To test this, we allowed 18 males to court multiple females over five consecutive trials. In each trial, a male was able to produce a nutritive gift (a live housefly) or a worthless gift (mealworm exuviae). We found that, in line with our predictions, 20% of the males produced worthless gifts even when they had the opportunity to produce a nutritive one. However, rather than worthless gifts being a cheap tactic, they were related to a higher investment in silk wrapping. This latter result was replicated for worthless gifts produced in both the presence and absence of a live prey item. We propose that variation in gift-giving tactics likely evolved initially as a conditional strategy related to prey availability and male condition in P. ornata. Selection may then have favoured silk wrapping as a trait involved in female attraction, leading worthless gift-giving to invade. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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