Secular trends and social inequalities in child behavioural problems across three Brazilian cohort studies (1993, 2004 and 2015)

Autor: Michelle Degli Esposti, Alicia Matijasevich, Stephan Collishaw, Thaís Martins-Silva, Iná S. Santos, Ana Maria Baptista Menezes, Marlos Rodrigues Domingues, Fernando C. Wehrmeister, Fernando Barros, Joseph Murray
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, Vol 32 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 20457960
2045-7960
2045-7979
DOI: 10.1017/S2045796023000185
Popis: Abstract Aims Previous epidemiological evidence identified a concerning increase in behavioural problems among young children from 1997 to 2008 in Brazil. However, it is unclear whether behavioural problems have continued to increase, if secular changes vary between sociodemographic groups and what might explain changes over time. We aimed to monitor changes in child behavioural problems over a 22-year period from 1997 to 2019, examine changing social inequalities and explore potential explanations for recent changes in behavioural problems between 2008 and 2019. Methods The Child Behaviour Checklist was used to compare parent-reported behavioural problems in 4-year-old children across three Brazilian birth cohorts assessed in 1997 (1993 cohort, n = 633), 2008 (2004 cohort, n = 3750) and 2019 (2015 cohort, n = 577). Response rates across all three population-based cohorts were over 90%. Moderation analyses tested if cross-cohort changes differed by social inequalities (demographic and socioeconomic position), while explanatory models explored whether changes in hypothesized risk and protective factors in prenatal development (e.g., smoking during pregnancy) and family life (e.g., maternal depression and harsh parenting) accounted for changes in child behavioural problems from 2008 to 2019. Results Initial increases in child behavioural problems from 1997 to 2008 were followed by declines in conduct problems (mean change = −2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.56, −1.94; P
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