Mycoplasma hominis as Cause of Extragenital Infection in Patients with Hypogammaglobulinemia: Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review

Autor: Chiara Russo, Malgorzata Mikulska, Emanuele Delfino, Federica Toscanini, Laura Mezzogori, Riccardo Schiavoni, Claudia Bartalucci, Emanuele Angelucci, Giulia Bartalucci, Massimiliano Gambella, Anna Maria Raiola, Paola Morici, Francesca Crea, Silvia Chiola, Silvia Daniela Morbelli, Anna Marchese, Matteo Bassetti
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Vol 13, Iss 10, Pp 2179-2193 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2193-8229
2193-6382
DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-01035-9
Popis: Abstract Mycoplasma hominis can be a part of human urogenital tract microbiome, and it is a frequent cause of urogenital infections. In rare cases, it can also cause extragenital infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. In this case series, we report two cases and provide a literature review of extragenital infections caused by M. hominis in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. Patient 1 was a 61-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who, after rituximab-containing chemotherapy and CAR-T therapy, developed M. hominis spondylodiscitis. Patient 2 was a 50-year-old woman with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia who developed disseminated M. hominis infection involving pleura, muscles, and right ankle. Antibiotic therapy with levofloxacin and doxycycline for 10 weeks in patient 1 and with levofloxacin alone for 6 weeks in patient 2 led to infection resolution. The literature review identified 14 additional cases reporting M. hominis extragenital infection in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. M. hominis should also be suspected as an etiological agent of extragenital infection in patients with B-cell immunodeficiency with a clinical picture of persistent, standard-culture negative infection, particularly with arthritis or abscess formation. Even if M. hominis can grow on standard bacterial medium, in suspected cases molecular methods should be promptly used for correct diagnostic work-up and successful therapy.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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