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Ramzi Yessuf Adem,1 Seid Mohammed Hassen,1 Mohammed Abdulaziz,1 Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed,2 Atinkut Mengesha Jemberie,1 Yonatan Tedla Gebeyehu,1 Assefa Mekonnen Sedeta,1 Fitsum Gebreegziabher Gebrehiwot,1 Engida Abebe,1 Teklebirhan Berhe1 1Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USACorrespondence: Ramzi Yessuf Adem, Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), 1271 Swaziland St, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Tel +251 911 242421, Email ramziye@gmail.comPurpose: With nearly 500,000 new cases and over 150,000 deaths worldwide in 2020, renal cancers remain a significant component of the global burden of cancer. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical presentation, peri-operative condition and short-term outcome of patients operated with the primary diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at a large tertiary care referral center.Patients and Methods: A retrospective institution-based study was done. The study population consisted of all patients who were operated for a primary diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma from January 1st, 2015, to December 31st, 2020, at the Urology Unit of St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College.Results: The final cohort consisted of 107 patients (mean (standard deviation) age 49 (± 14) years, 48% male, 46% residence in Addis Ababa). The most common presenting complaint was flank pain (65%), followed by hematuria (34%) and abdominal mass (6%). One patient had the classic triad of RCC. The median (IQR) duration of illness was 9(7– 11) months. Fourteen (13%) patients were asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. Over half (57%) of the cohort were clinical TNM stage II, with the remaining 17%, 18% and 8% being stage I, III and IV, respectively. Nearly all patients (94%) underwent open radical nephrectomy with a transabdominal approach. Most patients (61%) had no Clavien-Dindo grade complications, and a minority (11%) experienced post-operative complications (7% postoperative bleeding, 6% hospital acquired pneumonia, 3% surgical site infection). The median (IQR) length of stay was 6 (5– 7.6) days. Nearly all patients (94%) were discharged and improved.Conclusion: In this retrospective study, we have shown that patients operated for RCC are a low-risk cohort with few comorbidities, have a relatively short symptomatic course and good discharge outcome. Further prospective studies are needed to show the long-term outcome and factors associated with such outcomes in this patient population.Keywords: renal cell carcinoma, nephrectomy, outcomes research, developing country |
