Cost-of-disease of Heart Failure in Turkey: A Delphi Panel-based Analysis of Direct and Indirect Costs
| Autor: | Yüksel Çavuşoğlu, Hakan Altay, Dursun Aras, Ahmet Çelik, Fatih Sinan Ertaş, Barış Kılıçaslan, Sanem Nalbantgil, Ahmet Temizhan, Dilek Ural, Özlem Yıldırımtürk, Mehmet Birhan Yılmaz |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Balkan Medical Journal, Vol 39, Iss 4, Pp 282-289 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 2146-3123 2146-3131 |
| DOI: | 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2022.2022-3-97 |
| Popis: | Background: Heart failure (HF) is considered a significant public health issue with a substantial and growing epidemiologic and economic burden in relation to longer life expectancy and aging global population Aims: To determine cost-of-disease of heart failure (HF) in Turkey from the payer perspective. Study Design: Cross-sectional cost of disease study. Methods: In this cost-of-disease study, annual direct and indirect costs of management of HF were determined based on epidemiological, clinical and lost productivity inputs provided by a Delphi panel consisted of 11 experts in HF with respect to ejection fraction (EF) status (HF patients with reduced EF (HFrEF), mid-range EF (HFmrEF) and preserved EF (HFpEF)) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification. Direct medical costs included cost items on outpatient management, inpatient management, medications, and non-pharmaceutical treatments. Indirect cost was calculated based on the lost productivity due to absenteeism and presenteeism. Results: 51.4%, 19.5%, and 29.1% of the patients were estimated to be HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF patients, respectively. The total annual direct medical cost per patient was $887 and non-pharmaceutical treatments ($373, 42.1%) were the major direct cost driver. Since an estimated nationwide number of HF patients is 1,128,000 in 2021, the total annual national economic burden of HF is estimated to be $1 billion in 2021. The direct medical cost was higher in patients with HFrEF than in those with HFmrEF or HFpEF ($1,147 vs. $555 and $649, respectively). Average indirect cost per patient was calculated to be $3,386 and was similar across HFrEF, HFmrEF and HFpEF groups, but increased with advanced NYHA stage. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the substantial economic burden of HF in terms of both direct and indirect costs and indicate that the non-pharmaceutical cost is the major direct medical cost driver in HF management, regardless of the EF status of HF patients. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
|