The 2021 La Palma (Canary Islands) Eruption Ending Forecast Through Magma Pressure Drop

Autor: M. Charco, P. J. González, J. L. G. Pallero, L. García‐Cañada, C. delFresno, A. Rodríguez‐Ortega
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 51, Iss 10, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1944-8007
0094-8276
DOI: 10.1029/2023GL106885
Popis: Abstract Forecast of eruptive activity is a core challenge in volcanology. Here, we present an actual forecast for the end of the 2021 La Palma eruption. Using continuous GNSS data, we identified a co‐eruptive quasi‐exponential deflation trend. Assuming mass conservation, magma upflow from an overpressurized reservoir drives the eruptive process. The forecast was carried out during the eruption, however there was uncertainty in the key percentage of drop in driving pressure necessary to stop this eruption. In hindcast, we explore how forecast uncertainty reduces with increase in ingested near‐real time data. We conclude that precise forecasts could have been possible, but only after twice a characteristic exponential decay time‐scale, providing error estimates of 45% of the actual duration. We verify the mass conservation assumption using eruptive material volumes and propose that the eruption dynamics was controlled by a main reservoir at a depth close to Moho discontinuity beneath Cumbre Vieja volcano.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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