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Agnieszka Wesołek-Leszczyńska,1,2 Katarzyna Pastusiak,1 Paweł Bogdański,1,* Monika Szulińska1,* 1Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; 2Doctoral School, Poznan University Of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Agnieszka Wesołek-Leszczyńska, Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 82/84 Szamarzewskiego Street, Poznań, 60-569, Poland, Tel +48 721 947 738, Email aa.wesolek@gmail.com; 76871@student.ump.edu.plAim: One of the most critical functions of adipose tissue is the production of adipokines, ie, numerous active substances that regulate metabolism. One is the newly discovered FAM19A5, whose older name is TAFA-5.Purpose: The study aimed to review the literature on the FAM19A5 protein.Methods: The review was conducted in December 2023 using the PubMed (Medline) search engine. Sixty-four papers were included in the review.Results: This protein exhibits the characteristics of an adipokine with positive features for maintaining homeostasis. The results showed that FAM19A5 was highly expressed in adipose tissue, with mild to moderate expression in the brain and ovary. FAM19A5 may also inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through the perivascular adipose tissue paracrine pathway. Serum levels of FAM19A5 were decreased in obese children compared with healthy controls. There are negative correlations between FAM19A5, body mass index, and fasting insulin. Serum FAM19A5 level is correlated with type 2 diabetes, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, glutamic pyruvic transferase, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, and mean shoulder pulse wave velocity. FAM19A5 expression was reduced in mice with obesity. However, the data available needs to be clarified or contradictory.Conclusion: Considering today’s knowledge about FAM19A5, we cannot consider this protein as a biomarker of the metabolic syndrome. According to current knowledge, FAM19A5 cannot be considered a marker of metabolic disorders because the results of studies conducted in this area are unclear.Keywords: fat tissue, metabolic syndrome, adipokines, adipocytes, obesity |
