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Gangjian Wang, Yu Chang, Xiaolong Wu, Xin Li, Ling Li, Lei Zhang, Xiaorui Fu, Zhenchang Sun, Xudong Zhang, Mingzh Zhang Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China Background: Primary bone marrow lymphoma (PBML) is a very uncommon neoplasm originally arising in the bone marrow system, and the most common pathological type is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Patients and methods: To describe the clinical characteristics of PBML and evaluate the risk factors related to prognosis, we recruited and studied 66 patients from our center and the current published literature. Various symptoms are present at the onset of PBML, the most important of which is cytopenia, followed by fever. Forty-seven of these patients were included in our analysis. Results: Univariate analysis suggested that B symptoms (P=0.024), a low serum platelet level ( |