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Miki Uchino,1 Motoko Kawashima,1 Minako Kaido,1 Kazuhisa Suwaki,2 Yuichi Uchino,1 Ichiro Kawachi,3 Kazuno Negishi,1 Kazuo Tsubota1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 2Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka, Japan; 3Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Purpose: To validate a paper-based visual acuity (PBVA) questionnaire.Methods: In 2015, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 301 young and middle-aged, mostly male, Japanese subjects. The participants were asked to self-rate their visual acuity (VA) on a scale from 1 to 5. Self-ratings of VA were categorized into three groups: good (1 and 2), normal (3), and poor (4 and 5). For objective validation, we performed a functional VA (FVA) assessment in the same subjects.Results: A total of 301 subjects answered the PBVA and completed the FVA test including initial VA. We found out that the result of PBVA was significantly correlated with FVA test and initial VA (r=0.33, P |
