Biocompatible Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Nanocapsules Enhance the Bioavailability, Antibacterial, and Immunomodulatory Activities of Curcumin

Autor: Floriana D’Angeli, Giuseppe Granata, Ivana Roberta Romano, Alfio Distefano, Debora Lo Furno, Antonella Spila, Mariantonietta Leo, Chiara Miele, Dania Ramadan, Patrizia Ferroni, Giovanni Li Volti, Paolo Accardo, Corrada Geraci, Fiorella Guadagni, Carlo Genovese
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 19, p 10692 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1422-0067
1661-6596
DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910692
Popis: Curcumin (Cur), the primary curcuminoid found in Curcuma longa L., has garnered significant attention for its potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. However, its hydrophobic nature significantly limits its bioavailability. Additionally, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties, making them useful for treating inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. This study aims to verify the efficacy of poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules (NCs) in improving Cur’s bioavailability, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activities. The Cur-loaded nanocapsules (Cur-NCs) were characterized for their physicochemical properties (particle size, polydispersity index, Zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency) and stability over time. A digestion test simulated the behavior of Cur-NCs in the gastrointestinal tract. Micellar phase analyses evaluated the Cur-NCs’ bioaccessibility. The antibacterial activity of free Cur, NCs, and Cur-NCs against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains was determined using the microdilution method. ADSC viability, treated with Cur-NCs and Cur-NCs in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide, was analyzed using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Additionally, ADSC survival was assessed through the Muse apoptotic assay. The expression of both pro-inflammatory (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β) cytokines on ADSCs was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated high stability post-gastric digestion of Cur-NCs and elevated bioaccessibility of Cur post-intestinal digestion. Moreover, Cur-NCs exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli without affecting Lactobacillus growth. No significant changes in the viability and survival of ADSCs were observed under the experimental conditions. Finally, Cur-NCs modulated the expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in ADSCs exposed to inflammatory stimuli. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential of Cur-NCs to enhance Cur’s bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy, particularly in cell-based treatments for inflammatory diseases and intestinal dysbiosis.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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