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Abstract Background To identify the reliability of each retinal layer thickness measurement in epiretinal membrane (ERM) patients with ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFLs). Methods Subjects were divided into two groups: ERM patients with EIFLs (Group 1) and without EIFLs (Group 2). The retinal layer thickness was measured twice, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) values were calculated. Results In Group 1, the CVs of the nerve fiber layer (NFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) were 22.39%, 13.12%, 13.37%, 13.21%, 15.09%, and 11.94%, while the ICCs were 0.431, 0.550, 0.440, 0.286, 0.279, and 0.503, respectively. In Group 2, the CVs were 18.20%, 10.59%, 10.65%, 13.27%, 14.75%, and 10.37%, while the ICCs were 0.788, 0.834, 0.830, 0.715, 0.226, and 0.439, respectively. The average central macular thickness (CMT) was significantly correlated with the CVs of NFL (coefficient = 0.317; P |