| Autor: |
Alessandra Sansavini, Maria Elena Favilla, Maria Teresa Guasti, Andrea Marini, Stefania Millepiedi, Maria Valeria Di Martino, Simona Vecchi, Nadia Battajon, Laura Bertolo, Olga Capirci, Barbara Carretti, Maria Paola Colatei, Cristina Frioni, Luigi Marotta, Sara Massa, Letizia Michelazzo, Chiara Pecini, Silvia Piazzalunga, Manuela Pieretti, Pasquale Rinaldi, Renata Salvadorini, Cristiano Termine, Mariagrazia Zuccarini, Simonetta D’Amico, Anna Giulia De Cagno, Maria Chiara Levorato, Tiziana Rossetto, Maria Luisa Lorusso |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2021 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
Brain Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 5, p 654 (2021) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2076-3425 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/brainsci11050654 |
| Popis: |
Background. Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is frequent in childhood and may have long-term sequelae. By employing an evidence-based approach, this scoping review aims at identifying (a) early predictors of DLD; (b) the optimal age range for the use of screening and diagnostic tools; (c) effective diagnostic tools in preschool children. Methods. We considered systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and primary observational studies with control groups on predictive, sensitivity and specificity values of screening and diagnostic tools and psycholinguistic measures for the assessment of DLD in preschool children. We identified 37 studies, consisting of 10 systematic reviews and 27 primary studies. Results. Delay in gesture production, receptive and/or expressive vocabulary, syntactic comprehension, or word combination up to 30 months emerged as early predictors of DLD, a family history of DLD appeared to be a major risk factor, and low socioeconomic status and environmental input were reported as risk factors with lower predictive power. Optimal time for screening is suggested between age 2 and 3, for diagnosis around age 4. Because of the high variability of sensitivity and specificity values, joint use of standardized and psycholinguistic measures is suggested to increase diagnostic accuracy. Conclusions. Monitoring risk situations and employing caregivers’ reports, clinical assessment and multiple linguistic measures are fundamental for an early identification of DLD and timely interventions. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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