IoT Electrochemical Sensor with Integrated Ni(OH)2–Ni Nanowires for Detecting Formaldehyde in Tap Water
Autor: | Špela Trafela, Abhilash Krishnamurthy, Kristina Žagar Soderžnik, Urška Kavčič, Igor Karlovits, Beno Klopčič, Sašo Šturm, Kristina Žužek |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2023 |
Předmět: | |
Zdroj: | Sensors, Vol 23, Iss 10, p 4676 (2023) |
Druh dokumentu: | article |
ISSN: | 1424-8220 |
DOI: | 10.3390/s23104676 |
Popis: | Simple, low-cost methods for sensing volatile organic compounds that leave no trace and do not have a detrimental effect on the environment are able to protect communities from the impacts of contaminants in water supplies. This paper reports the development of a portable, autonomous, Internet of Things (IoT) electrochemical sensor for detecting formaldehyde in tap water. The sensor is assembled from electronics, i.e., a custom-designed sensor platform and developed HCHO detection system based on Ni(OH)2–Ni nanowires (NWs) and synthetic-paper-based, screen-printed electrodes (pSPEs). The sensor platform, consisting of the IoT technology, a Wi-Fi communication system, and a miniaturized potentiostat can be easily connected to the Ni(OH)2–Ni NWs and pSPEs via a three-terminal electrode. The custom-made sensor, which has a detection capability of 0.8 µM/24 ppb, was tested for an amperometric determination of the HCHO in deionized (DI) and tap-water-based alkaline electrolytes. This promising concept of an electrochemical IoT sensor that is easy to operate, rapid, and affordable (it is considerably cheaper than any lab-grade potentiostat) could lead to the straightforward detection of HCHO in tap water. |
Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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