Hypoxia-Activated Theragnostic Prodrugs (HATPs): Current State and Future Perspectives

Autor: Sankarprasad Bhuniya, Eirinaios I. Vrettos
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Pharmaceutics, Vol 16, Iss 4, p 557 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1999-4923
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040557
Popis: Hypoxia is a significant feature of solid tumors and frequently poses a challenge to the effectiveness of tumor-targeted chemotherapeutics, thereby limiting their anticancer activity. Hypoxia-activated prodrugs represent a class of bio-reductive agents that can be selectively activated in hypoxic compartments to unleash the toxic warhead and thus, eliminate malignant tumor cells. However, their applicability can be further elevated by installing fluorescent modalities to yield hypoxia-activated theragnostic prodrugs (HATPs), which can be utilized for the simultaneous visualization and treatment of hypoxic tumor cells. The scope of this review is to summarize noteworthy advances in recent HATPs, highlight the challenges and opportunities for their further development, and discuss their potency to serve as personalized medicines in the future.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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