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Purpose: To determine the prevalence of enchondromas (EC) in adults as incidental findings in the long bones of the upper extremities and the bones of the hand on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of upper extremity MRI scans for the presence of incidental EC in patients older than 18 years was performed. EC location, size, and appearance were defined. Age, gender, MRI region, side, most common symptom, eccentric or central location in the bone, affected finger, presence of biopsy, presence of trauma history,and size of enchondroma were evaluated. Results: A total of 9713 upper extremity MRIs were evaluated. In our study, the prevalence of EC in the entire upper extremity was 1.2% with MRIs that performed for upper extremity bones only. EC was most commonly seen in MR imaging of the hand. The proximal phalanx was the most commonly affected bone. Often presentin the third and fourth decades of life and the ulnar side of long bones were affected. In our study, the overall prevalence of hand EC was 4.8%. While the incidence of hand enchondromas was 5.8% in females, it was 4.1% in males. The incidence of enchondromas in the hand was approximately 5.77 times higher than in the shoulder. Conclusion: This study suggests that with the prevalence of EC, as determined by MR imaging, the hand should continue to be considered the most common site for enchondromas. |
