Different features of Vδ2 T and NK cells in fatal and non-fatal human Ebola infections.

Autor: Eleonora Cimini, Domenico Viola, Mar Cabeza-Cabrerizo, Antonella Romanelli, Nicola Tumino, Alessandra Sacchi, Veronica Bordoni, Rita Casetti, Federica Turchi, Federico Martini, Joseph A Bore, Fara Raymond Koundouno, Sophie Duraffour, Janine Michel, Tobias Holm, Elsa Gayle Zekeng, Lauren Cowley, Isabel Garcia Dorival, Juliane Doerrbecker, Nicole Hetzelt, Jonathan H J Baum, Jasmine Portmann, Roman Wölfel, Martin Gabriel, Osvaldo Miranda, Graciliano Díaz, José E Díaz, Yoel A Fleites, Carlos A Piñeiro, Carlos M Castro, Lamine Koivogui, N'Faly Magassouba, Boubacar Diallo, Paula Ruibal, Lisa Oestereich, David M Wozniak, Anja Lüdtke, Beate Becker-Ziaja, Maria R Capobianchi, Giuseppe Ippolito, Miles W Carroll, Stephan Günther, Antonino Di Caro, César Muñoz-Fontela, Chiara Agrati
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 5, p e0005645 (2017)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005645
Popis: Human Ebola infection is characterized by a paralysis of the immune system. A signature of αβ T cells in fatal Ebola infection has been recently proposed, while the involvement of innate immune cells in the protection/pathogenesis of Ebola infection is unknown. Aim of this study was to analyze γδ T and NK cells in patients from the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2015 occurred in West Africa, and to assess their association with the clinical outcome.Nineteen Ebola-infected patients were enrolled at the time of admission to the Ebola Treatment Centre in Guinea. Patients were divided in two groups on the basis of the clinical outcome. The analysis was performed by using multiparametric flow cytometry established by the European Mobile Laboratory in the field. A low frequency of Vδ2 T-cells was observed during Ebola infection, independently from the clinical outcome. Moreover, Vδ2 T-cells from Ebola patients massively expressed CD95 apoptotic marker, suggesting the involvement of apoptotic mechanisms in Vδ2 T-cell loss. Interestingly, Vδ2 T-cells from survivors expressed an effector phenotype and presented a lower expression of the CTLA-4 exhaustion marker than fatalities, suggesting a role of effector Vδ2 T-cells in the protection. Furthermore, patients with fatal Ebola infection were characterized by a lower NK cell frequency than patients with non fatal infection. In particular, both CD56bright and CD56dim NK frequency were very low both in fatal and non fatal infections, while a higher frequency of CD56neg NK cells was associated to non-fatal infections. Finally, NK activation and expression of NKp46 and CD158a were independent from clinical outcome.Altogether, the data suggest that both effector Vδ2 T-cells and NK cells may play a role in the complex network of protective response to EBOV infection. Further studies are required to characterize the protective effector functions of Vδ2 and NK cells.
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