Towards Targeting the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Cystic Fibrosis

Autor: Matteo Puccetti, Giuseppe Paolicelli, Vasileios Oikonomou, Antonella De Luca, Giorgia Renga, Monica Borghi, Marilena Pariano, Claudia Stincardini, Lucia Scaringi, Stefano Giovagnoli, Maurizio Ricci, Luigina Romani, Teresa Zelante
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Mediators of Inflammation, Vol 2018 (2018)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 0962-9351
1466-1861
DOI: 10.1155/2018/1601486
Popis: Tryptophan (trp) metabolism is an important regulatory component of gut mucosal homeostasis and the microbiome. Metabolic pathways targeting the trp can lead to a myriad of metabolites, of both host and microbial origins, some of which act as endogenous low-affinity ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a cytosolic, ligand-operated transcription factor that is involved in many biological processes, including development, cellular differentiation and proliferation, xenobiotic metabolism, and the immune response. Low-level activation of AhR by endogenous ligands is beneficial in the maintenance of immune health and intestinal homeostasis. We have defined a functional node whereby certain bacteria species contribute to host/microbial symbiosis and mucosal homeostasis. A microbial trp metabolic pathway leading to the production of indole-3-aldehyde (3-IAld) by lactobacilli provided epithelial protection while inducing antifungal resistance via the AhR/IL-22 axis. In this review, we highlight the role of AhR in inflammatory lung diseases and discuss the possible therapeutic use of AhR ligands in cystic fibrosis.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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