Maternal Malaria and Perinatal HIV Transmission, Western Kenya
| Autor: | John G. Ayisi, Anna M. van Eijk, Robert D. Newman, Feiko O. ter Kuile, Ya Ping Shi, Chunfu Yang, Margarette S. Kolczak, Juliana A. Otieno, Ambrose O. Misore, Piet A. Kager, Renu B. Lal, Richard W. Steketee, Bernard L. Nahlen |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 643-652 (2004) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| DOI: | 10.3201/eid1004.030303 |
| Popis: | To determine whether maternal placental malaria is associated with an increased risk for perinatal mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT), we studied HIV-positive women in western Kenya. We enrolled 512 mother-infant pairs; 128 (25.0%) women had malaria, and 102 (19.9%) infants acquired HIV perinatally. Log10 HIV viral load and episiotomy or perineal tear were associated with increased perinatal HIV transmission, whereas low-density malaria (10,000 parasites/μL) was associated with increased risk for perinatal MTCT (ARR 2.0), compared to low-density malaria. The interaction between placental malaria and MTCT appears to be variable and complex: placental malaria that is controlled at low density may cause an increase in broad-based immune responses that protect against MTCT; uncontrolled, high-density malaria may simultaneously disrupt placental architecture and generate substantial antigen stimulus to HIV replication and increase risk for MTCT. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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