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[Introduction] The increasingly high proportion of renewable power sources raises higher requirements for the safe and stable operation of the power system and the reliable supply of electricity. Hydrogen and electricity are complementary in many scenarios of energy consumption. Green hydrogen produced by renewable power will become an important component of the new energy system, which can also facilitate the construction of the new power system. Recently, green hydrogen demonstration projects in China and abroad are burgeoning. However, the typical modes and future development trends are not clear. This paper aims at clarifying the typical modes for green hydrogen projects and providing solutions to issues faced by the large-scale application and the full play of power-hydrogen coupling. [Method] In this paper, the existing green hydrogen demonstration projects in China and abroad were systematically analyzed. The characteristics of the three groups were studied, based on which, the development trends of green hydrogen demonstration projects were proposed. Then, the key problems and challenges were analyzed, and key measures were proposed. [Result] Through the study, the green hydrogen projects are grouped into three categories, which are power-hydrogen coupling projects on the distribution/micro-grid side, large-scale hydrogen production near renewable basis and utilization projects and hydrogen-based flexible adjustment projects. Key issues lying ahead include the lack of coordinated planning between the power and hydrogen system, the less economic competitiveness of green hydrogen and some of the key technologies, equipment and materials are dependent on imports. [Conclusion] To solve these issues and promote the development of green hydrogen projects, the coordinated planning of power and hydrogen system should be strengthened, formulated a set of supporting policies, improved the relevant market mechanisms, accelerated the standards and deployed some essential projects. |
